Physiology 1

Front 1

Extracellular fluid consists of what?

Back 1

Plasma and interstitial fluid compose what?

Front 2

The four basic components of a feedback mechanism?

Back 2

Variable, sensor (receptor), control center, and effector are part of what?

Front 3

when homeostasis cannot be maintained:

Back 3

1)something prevents an organ from doing its job, 2) there is often a loss of negative feedback, 3) organs have reached phsiological limit

Front 4

Timeline of events when homeostasis is disrupted:

Back 4

homeostasis, cellular adaptation, cellular injury, cellular death (necrosis), somatic death

Front 5

adaptation is a state that lies between what:

Back 5

a normal healthy cell and the injured cell - what occurs between these two states

Front 6

cellular adaptation occurs when:

Back 6

cells are subjected to non-homeostatic conditions - what occurs

Front 7

4 forms of adaptation:

Back 7

atrophy,hypertrophy, hyperplasia, metaplasia

Front 8

what happens when a non-homeostatic condition overwhelms adaptive process?

Back 8

cellular injury occurs when?

Front 9

what is metaplasia?

Back 9

replacement of one cell type with another, often occurs in response to some continual irritation or chronic inflammation

Front 10

results of cellular injury:

Back 10

cell membrane disruptions, cellular accumulations or infiltrations, changes in organelle appearance, alterations in cellular metabolism, lysosomal rupture

Front 11

common etiologies of cellular injury:

Back 11

hypoxia, chemical injuries, infections, radiation, physical injury/trauma

Front 12

types of necrosis:

Back 12

coagulative necrosis, liquification necrosis, caseous necrosis, fat necrosis, gangrene, avascular necrosis

Front 13

this occurs from hypoxia from severe ischemia or chemical injury. Areas of denatured proteins and solid. Areas dissolved by proteolytic enzymes and replaced by scar tissue

Back 13

coagulative necrosis

Front 14

caused by ischemic injury to neurons and glial cells. Can occur from bacterial infections that trigger localized collection of WBCs

Back 14

liquefactive necrosis

Front 15

associated with TB and combination of coagulative and liquefactive. resembles soft, clumped cheese

Back 15

Caseous necrosis

Front 16

occurs in adipose tissue and is due to release of lipases from dead cells. Pancreatic cell death. Produce soaps, chalky-cheesy nodules. Consist of dead fat cells, inflammatory cells and phagocytes filled with fat

Back 16

fat necrosis

Front 17

necrosis of many tissues in localized area

Back 17

gangrene necrosis

Front 18

disease resulting from temporary or permanent loss of blood supply to bones

Back 18

avascular necrosis, also osteonecrosis, aseptic necrosis, ischemic bone necrosis

Front 19

decrease in body temp after heart stops

Back 19

algor mortis

Front 20

maroon/purplish color that develops when heart stops. effect created when heavier RBC settle downward from serum due to gravity

Back 20

livor mortis

Front 21

hardening of muscles that begins shortly after death

Back 21

rigor mortis