Physiologic Phonetics: Anatomy And Physiology Test 1

Front 1

Pleural Linkage

Back 1

Connection between inner & outer pleural membranes created by vacuum between surfaces

Front 2

Cephalic vs. Caudal

Back 2

towards brain vs. towards tail

Front 3

Striated muscle

Back 3

Subject to voluntary control
ex: Skeletal muscles

Front 4

Smooth muscle

Back 4

Not subject to voluntary control: involuntary
ex: lining arteries

Front 5

Cardiac muscle

Back 5

specialized muscle heart is made of

Front 6

Tendons

Back 6

connects muscle to bone

Front 7

Ligaments

Back 7

connect bone to bone
ex: joint

Front 8

Cartilage

Back 8

structural tissue
Less hard and less dense than bone bu still serves as structural wall

Front 9

Residual Volume

Back 9

amount of air left in lungs after maximum exhalation

Front 10

Alveolor pressure

Back 10

air pressure coming from lungs that we speak on

Front 11

Vital Capacity

Back 11

total amount of air that you can use for the exchange of CO2 and O2
-exhale maximally and then meausre amount can take in

Front 12

Minor muscles in exhalation

Back 12

Internal intercostals
Subcostals
Transversus Thoracics
Quadratus Lumborum
Serratus Posterior Inferior

Front 13

Muscles of Exhalation:
2 Groups

Back 13

1)Ribcage muscles: pull down on ribcage to decrease size/volume of thorax
2)Abdominal muscles:
a.)pull down on ribcage
b.)compress abdominal contents

Front 14

Neck and Front Muscles of inhalation (Minor)

Back 14

Sternocleidomastoid
Scaleni group
Subclavius
Pectoralis Minor
Serratur Anterior

Front 15

Minor back muslces of inhalation

Back 15

Levatores Costarum
Latissimus Dorsi
Serratus Posterior Superior
-General Functon=expand size of thorax

Front 16

Muscles of inhalation:
2 Most Important

Back 16

1)Diaphram
2)External intercostals

Front 17

Inner Pleural Membrane
Outer Pleural Membrane

Back 17

2 Lunges seperately encased in 2 Inner Pleural Membranes
-Outer Pleural Membrane attached to the inside borders of the thorax

Front 18

Planes:
1)Frontal
2)Sagital: midsagital &parasagital
3)Transverse

Back 18

1)front to back
2)down middle-L to R
parallel to midsagital cut
3)like cutting a tree

Front 19

Striated Muscle:
1)Origin
2)Insertion
3)Course

Back 19

1)stable place where muscle is attached
2)place where it moves readily
where muscle attaches to the bone that's moveable
3)where movement of muscles runs

Front 20

3 Dimensions chest expands along

Back 20

1)Vertically
2)Lateral
3)Anterior-Posterior

Front 21

Bronchial Tree
Terminal Bronchioles

Back 21

repeated splitting of the bronchi: fine details of lungs
-last division

Front 22

How does Boyle's Law explain respiration?

Back 22

Holds that volume and pressure are inversely proportional to one another: When volume in lungs go up, pressure goes down--causes exhalation and vice versa

Front 23

2 main jobs of muscles of exhalation

Back 23

1)pull down on ribcage
2)compress viscera
Thus allowing diaphram to move back up

Front 24

Muscles of Exhalation

Back 24

1)Ribcage muscles
-pull down on ribcage to contract size/volume of thorax
2)Abdominal muscles
a)pull down on ribcage
b)compress abdominal contents
--By pulling down on ribcage & compressing abdominal contents diaphram moves back upwards

Front 25

Tidal Volume

Back 25

15% change in breathing (VC)
volume of air we use during quiet breathing

Front 26

Resting level

Back 26

Minimal amount of movment/activing
-b/c not taxing it is very efficient
ex: sitting in class

Front 27

Forced Respiration

Back 27

must recruit more muscles for inhalation and exhalation to go beyond tial volume
ex: jogging

Front 28

Inspiratory reserve volume

Back 28

breathe above Tidal volume

Front 29

Expiratory Reserve Volume

Back 29

volume of air which you could breathe down to below resting level

Front 30

How do we generate air pressure for speech?

Back 30

1)Respiratory effort: using your muscles more
2)Change airway resistance (to increase alveolar pressure for speech)

Front 31

2 levels of loudness (by changing pressure)

Back 31

1)overall loudness
2)syllabic changes

Front 32

Speech breathing

Back 32

rapid inhale followed by prolonged exhale (while speaking)

Front 33

Great paradox of speech breathing

Back 33

During exhalation you use the muscles of inhalation

Front 34

Agonist muscles v Antagonist muscles

Back 34

Only apply to muscles around joint
1)doing the work-muscles around joint
2)opposing muscle
muscle on opp. side of joint

Front 35

Trachea

Back 35

Bifricates into bronchus

Front 36

Is inhalation active or passive?

Back 36

Active

Front 37

Is exhalation active or passive?

Back 37

Active and passive