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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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synapse
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a microscopic (nanometer) gap where communication occurs through chmicals called neurotransmitters
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temporal summation
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time- repeates stimulation from ONE presynaptic neuron occuring within a breif period of time
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spatial summation
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cummulative effect upon a postsynaptic neuron of SIMULTANEAUS STIMULATIO FROM SEVERAL presynaptic neurons
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loewi found that...
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frog experiment led to finding that synaptic transmissons are chemical
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neurotrasmitters
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chemicals which relese from presynaptic neuron that diffuse across the synapse
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Excitatory Postsynaptic Potential (EPSP)
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graded dpolarization of a neuron that occurs when the active sodium gates open for a brief period of time. Sodium ions rush into the neuron and a positive charge moves across the neural membrane via electronic flow toward the axon hillock
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Decromental
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loosing strength as it travels-flow is electronic
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graded
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stronger stim=stonger sxcitation
weaker stim= weaker excitation |
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Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potential (IPSP)
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graded hyperpolarization of neuron happens when active potassium or chlorine gates to open for a breif period of time. potassium leaves. leads to a negative charge moving across the neural membrane
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spontaneus firing rate
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the ability of a neuron to produce an action potential without synaptic input. In this case, EPSPs ans IPSPs increase or decrease the spontaneous firing of the neuron
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vesicles
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spherical shped packet where neurotransmtters are stored on the axon terminal
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microtubules
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transporter of nerotransmitters from cell body to axon terminal
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exocytosis
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out of the cell, during this the vesicles move to the neural membrane and rupture spilling the neurotransmitters intos the synaptic gap/cleft
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ionotrophic effects
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nuerotransmitter binds to a receptor causing the immediate opening of an ion gate
super fast directly effects ion |
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metabotrophic effects
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effects metabolism most prevalent type of effect
neurotasmitter binds to a receptor and alters the configuration of the rest of the receptor protein; enabling a portion of the protein inside the neuron to reac with other molecules slower longer lasting often depend on the actions of seconf messangers |
