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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Layers of digestive tract wall
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inner mucous membrane
middle lamina propria muscularis mucosa |
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goblet cell
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mucous producing
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exocrine
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secrete digestive enzymes into lumen (digestive enzymes)
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endocrine
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produce GI hormones that act on
released into underlying vascular tissue same or distant organs to regulate GI |
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4 basic digestive processes
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motility
secretion digestion absorption |
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motility
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propulsion = peristalsis, contraction of both sets of muscles [stomach does both propulsion and mixing]
segmentation = sm. intestine uses segmentation for mixing/propulsion |
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secretion
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exocrine/endocrine
mucous is secreted through the gut as well as acid, digestive enzymes & bile salts what excreted depends on where it's secreted timing controlled by nervous & endocrine system |
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Digestion
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can only be absorbed when broken into carb, protein & fat
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what enzymes break down carbs
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amylase
polysaccharides(starch)/disaccharides(sweet) broken into monosaccharides |
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what is used to break down fats
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lypase - enzyme that breaks it down
bile - emulsifies it |
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what is digested?
in the mouth/throat |
carb digestion (amylase)
no absorption lysozyme (antibacterial) |
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what is digested?
Pharynx/Esophagus |
motility
swallowing mucous secretion no digestion |
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what is digested?
stomach |
receptive relaxation & peristalsis
secretion of gastric juices: HCL pepsin (protein breakdown), mucus, intrinsic factor carb digestion continues protein digestion starts no absorb of food, but fat soluble substances (drugs) |
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what is digested?
pancreas |
no motility
no digestion secretion of digestive enzymes to break down all macro molecules trypsin, chymotripsin, carboxypeptidase, amylase, lipase |
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what is digested?
liver |
no motility digestion or absorption but bile secretion
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what is digested?
small intestine |
motility: segmentation
secretion: mucus, pancreatic & liver secretion absorption: all nutrients, most electrolytes & water digestion: carb and protein cont. & fat is completed |
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what is digested?
large intestine |
motility: mass movement, peristalsis
hostral contractions (segmentation) secretion: mucous no digestion absorb: salt & H2o |
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Non digestive functions
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excretion
fluid & electrolyte balance immunity |
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Immunity
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gut associated with lymph GALT
lymphocytes and mast cells btwn epithelial in lamina propria hepatic phagocytic system => kupffer cells (type of monocyte) blood from GI to liver to catch pathogens |
