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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the formula relating pressure and volume in ideal gases? ( Boyles Law) |
pV = constant (hence p is inversely proportional to V) |
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What is the formula relating pressure and mass of gas? |
If more gas is added at a constant volume, pressure increases so pressure ∝mass of gas. |
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What is the formula relating all three of these things? |
pV ∝ mass or p ∝ mass/V or p ∝ density (ρ) |
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What must be constant to assume Boyle's law? |
Temperature is constant. |
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What is the definition of an ideal gas? |
In an ideal gas you can ignore interactions between the gas molecules, and assume the molecules have negligible volume. |
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What is the ideal gas law? |
Since p ∝ N (number of particles) and V ∝ T (temp in kelvin) and p ∝ T. This can be combined to give: pV = NkT, where k is the constant of proportionality, the Boltzmann constant. This can be written as pV = nRT, where R is called the gas constant, and n is the number of moles. R = k x Avogadro constant. |
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If molecules are travelling at a mean sqaure speed c^2, then what is the formula relating this with pressure and volume? |
pV = 1/3Nmc^2 |
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How can the two equations in the last slides be realted to one another? |
1/2mc^2 = 3/2kT Average kinetic energy of a molecule = 3/2kT |
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Random walks: What causes the "random walk" pattern of free moving gas molecules, and what defines a single "step" in one of these walks? |
Collisions between molecules cause them to move in random directions afterwards. The number of collisions define the number of steps and the average length travelled step is different depending on the gas. |
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When particles are released to move in random walk pattern, what is the average distance they will have reached from the starting point after N steps? |
They will have travelled root(N) steps on average. |
