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25 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
stability curve- which line is line of stability
curved line
Alpha Decay often are ___ because nuclear origin and is called ___ __
photons, gamma rays
alpha decay __Neutrons __ Protons
2N 2P
like an e- but emmited because of nuclear decay
beta-minus decay (B-)
ejected from nucleus with positive charge
beta-plus decay (B+)
proton decays into neutron and proton
pair production
e- from outer shells fall foward in nucleus to fill hole
characteristic radiaiton
1 dis/sec=
1 Bq
when half-like pf parent is much greater then half-life of daughter isotope
secular equilibrium
reduce to 1/2 original, defined by both energy and attenuating material
half value layer
HVL=
0.693/m
HVL is also a description of
beam quality "hard" or "soft"
"soft"
-less penetrating
-deposit energy quickly but [*high LET]
low energy
xray have inherent filtration in machine
high energy (linac/betatrons) in treatment
head- harden beam
helps uniform dose across patient
Type photon interactions (5)
1. Thompson (coherent) scattering
2. Photoelectric scattering
3.Comptom (incoherent) scatteringk
4. Pair production
5. Photodisenegration
Rad Therapy units use ___ energies
1-5 Compton!!
e- and e- interactions
ejected completely
ionized
e- and e- interactions
kicked up to shell far from nucleus
excitation
Bremstrahlung
high energies pass close to the nucleus slow down lose kinetic energy
Thompson scattering
-photon interaction
-same energy photon as incident photon
-except in different direction
-outer shell
-wavelength and energy equal "coherency"
-low energy photon
-not enough to ionize
-in a new direction
Compton (incoherent) Scattering
-photon interaction
-most common interaction in Radiation Therapy
-photon interacts with outer shell e-
-outer shell - in new direction with less energy, also causes dose
-produces scattered e- or "recoiled e-"
Photoelectric scattering
-photon interaction
-most common in xray
-photon interactions with either K, L [inner shell]
-ejects photoelectron
-vacancy filled by outer e-, produces characteristic radiaiton
-Auger e-
-more likely in high z materials
-low energy photons xrays
Pair production
-photon interactions
-with nucleus
-makes B- and B+
-only with photon energy of 1.022 mev or higher
-B+ joins free e- and "anialation reaction"
-B- joins any other free atom
-anialation occurs 180 degrees from each other with .511 energy
-not significant until 10 mev
-absorbed by nucleus
Photodisinigration
-photon interaction
-photon absorbed in nucleus
-emits neutron
-emits gamma rays