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31 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Hydrogen
H
1
Helium
He
2
Carbon
C
6
Oxygen
O
8
Aluminum
Al
13
Calcium
Ca
20
Iron
Fe
26
Cobalt
Co
27
Nickel
Ni
28
Copper
Cu
29
Molybdenum
Mo
42
Silver
Ag
47
Iodine
I
53
Barium
Ba
56
Tungsten
W
74
Rhenium
Re
75
Lead
Pb
82
Traits of Hydrogen
Only 1 particle in nucleus: 1 proton, 0 neutrons

1 electron in orbital shell

No charge. H 1
Atomic Particles
Involve all three fundamental units of the atom

p, n, e-
Nuclear Particles
Involves just the two fundamental units in the nucleus of the atom

p and n
Protons
Z#
Atomic Number (not A#)

Nuclear particle
+1 charge
mass = 1
Electrons
e- is 2000 x lighter than a proton

charge = -1

mass = 0.00055
Neutrons
n located in nucleus

No charge

mass = 1 (slightly heavier than p)
Nucleons
p's and n's in nucleus

same as atomic mass number (A#)

p+n=A#

A# - Z# = # of n

Held together by strong nuclear force
Valence #
# of e- in outermost shell

determines ability to combine with other elements
Review
Z# = Atomic number (# of p)

A# = Atomic Mass Number (p+n)

n = A# - Z#

Atomic mass = p + n + e

Atomic weight - the mass of any atom relative to the mass of an atom of carbon

Maximum number of shells = 7
Periodic Table Groups
Vertical Columns (8)

atoms have same number of e- in outermost shell
Periodic Table Periods
Horizontal rows (7)

atoms have same # of e- shells
Ionic Bonding
Chemical bonding between two ions

ex. NaCl (Sodium Chloride) [table salt]
Covalent Bonding
Sharing of outer shell e- between atoms

ex. H2O (Water)
Six methods of Ionization
1. Exposure of matter to x-rays or gamma rays
2. Exposure of matter to a stream of e-
3. Spontaneous breakdown of radioactive nuclides
4. Exposure of certain elements to light
5. Chemical electrolysis
6. Thermionic emission