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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Radioactivity
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"Marie Curie coined the term radioactivity for the spontaneous emmision of radiation from the nucleaus of an atom."
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Scientists in the late 1800's determined this.
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Different types of radiation and also visible light
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Some types of radiation have this and some do not.
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Mass.
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Cathode rays are made of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. (J.J. Thompson.)
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Electrons
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Cathode ray tubes were the basis of what before what happened?
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Basis of television before LCD and Plasma screen tvs were invented.
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What is a nucleus?
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a positively charged mass within an atom, compose of neutrons and protons, and possesing most of the mass but only occupying a small fraction of the volume of the atom.
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What is a proton?
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A positively charged elementary particle that is a fundamental constituent of all all atomic nuclei.
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X-rays were discovered by who?
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Wilhelm Rontgen (1895)
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X-rays are part of what spectrum?
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The electromagnetic spectrum
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What is a neutron?
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An elementary particle having n charge, mass slightly greater than that of a proton.
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What is an isotope?
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An isotope of an element has the same atomic number but a different mass number.
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What has the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons?
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An isotope
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All atoms are made of ___________________.
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Subatomic Particles.
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What are the 3 most common isotopes for hydrogen?
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Hydrogen, deuterium and tritium.
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True or false. Isotopes can be written in standard atomic notation.
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True.
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Radioactive decay
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- an unstable nucleaus that emits radiaton.
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Parent Nucleus
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original nucleus
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Daughter Nucleus
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nucleus remaining after the decay
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Alpha radiation releases what?
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Helium
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Beta radiation releases what?
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Electrons
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Gamma radiation releases what?
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Gamma particles
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Transmutation occurs when...?
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Changes a parent nucleus into a daughter nucleus.
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Alpha beta and gamma rays have different properties of mass, charge penetrating ability and reaction to _____ and _______ charges.
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electric, magnetic
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What is a half-life?
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the average length of time for half of the parent nuclei to decay in a sample is called the half-life
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Carbon-14 has a half-life of how many years?
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5730 years
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Carbon-14 is useful for radioactive dating material which was once ___________?
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livng.
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The half-life of a radioactive isotope can be determined from?
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graphs of a number of parent nuclei versus time and activity level versus time.
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The rate of radioactive isotope cannot be affected by what?
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physical or chemical changes such as temperature, pressure of age of the sample.
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think: if you get all this right you beat maddy laslet
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think. harvard. law. future. its all in your hands rachel. make these decisions. now.
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True or false: The role of decay of a radioactive sample is not predicatable.
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False. It is predictable.
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In 1896, someone discovered radiation given off from a mineral. Who was this man?
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Henri Becquerel.
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Scientists determined that the radiation resulted from the unstable ______ (pl.)of an atom.
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nuclei
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A "Geiger Counter" is a device used for what?
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A device that detects radiation
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