Physics Ch 18

Front 1

Volume of blood moving through a vessel in a specific time is known as _______.

Back 1

Flow. Volume/time

Front 2

Speed and direction (towards or away from the transducer) is k own as ________.

Back 2

Velocity - distance/ time

Front 3

Velocity is always measured in these types of studies.

Back 3

Arterial

Front 4

Type of flow in :

Veins:

Arteries:

Capillaries:

Back 4

Veins: phasic

Arteries: pulsatile

Capillaries: steady

Front 5

What type of flow is seen in the aortic arch?

Back 5

Plug flow

Front 6

This type of flow is chaotic and disorganized. It occurs when blood flows from a smaller lumen to a larger lumen.

Back 6

Turbulent flow.

It is normally seen in the carotid bulb, otherwise it oftentimes indicates a pathology.

Front 7

A Reynolds number less than 1500 indicates _______ flow and a number over 2000 indicates _______ flow.

Back 7

Laminar; turbulent

Front 8

Flow= ____________ X ____________

Back 8

Velocity times area

Front 9

Flow and velocity are __________ related.

Back 9

Directly

Front 10

Velocity and area are ______ related.

Back 10

Inversely

Front 11

_________ causes a reduction in flow from the lower extremities, ________ causes an increase.

Back 11

Inhalation; exhalation

Front 12

What type of blood flow is seen at the proximal aorta?

Back 12

Plug flow

Front 13

Velocity is highest _______ in parabolic flow.

Back 13

In the center

Front 14

With energy gradient, blood flows from areas of _______ energy to areas of _______ energy

Back 14

Higher; lower

Front 15

Blood energy (increases/decreases) the further it travels.

Back 15

Decreases

Front 16

What type of energy is associated with moving objects?

Back 16

Kinetic

Front 17

What is the amount of kinetic energy determined by?

Back 17

Mass of the object and speed at which it moves

Front 18

What are the two types of potential energy?

Back 18

Pressure and gravitational

Front 19

When the heart contracts it is known as ________, and when it relaxes it is known as ________.

Back 19

Systole; diastole

Front 20

This type of blood flow is typically seen with an aneurysm or downstream from a stenosis.

Back 20

Turbulent flow

Front 21

You can hear a _______ but feel a _______.

Back 21

Murmur; thrill

Front 22

Is the mass of an object increases, kinetic energy ( increases/ decreases)

Back 22

Increases

Front 23

As pressure energy increases, blood flow ( increases/ decreases).

Back 23

Increases

Front 24

When the heart fails, pressure in the bloodstream (increases/decreases).

Back 24

Decreases

Front 25

What type of energy is associated with elevation?

Back 25

Gravitational

Front 26

True or false:

The greater the elevation of an object the greater the gravitational energy.

Back 26

True

Front 27

What are the types of energy loss associated with circulating blood?

Back 27

Viscous, frictional, inertial

Front 28

Viscosity is measured in units of ______.

Back 28

Poise

Front 29

A greater amount of energy will be lost with fluid that has a ____ viscosity.

Back 29

Higher

Front 30

The tendency of a fluid to resist change is known as _______.

Back 30

Inertia

Front 31

Velocity (increases/ decreases) at a stenosis.

Back 31

Increases.

Front 32

Pressure (increases/decreases) as blood approaches a stenosis.

Back 32

Increases

Front 33

This type of waveform occurs after a stenosis.

Back 33

Dampened or tardus parvus.

Front 34

True or false:

Biphasic flow is not considered normal in elderly patients.

Back 34

False. It is normal

Front 35

In relation to Poiseuilles Law, the factor that will have the greatest impact on flow is the _______.

Back 35

Radius- it is to the fourth power

Front 36

A stenosis of _____% or greater is considered hemodynamically significant.

Back 36

60%

Front 37

The principle of conservation of energy is known as ___________ principle.

Back 37

Bernoulli's principle

Front 38

What is the formula for pressure gradient?

Back 38

Flow X resistance

Front 39

Veins normally have a (high/low) internal pressure.

Back 39

Low

Front 40

How are veins normally measured?

Back 40

Inner to inner

Front 41

Arteries have (thick/thin) walls.

Back 41

Thick

Front 42

When do diastolic notches occur?

Back 42

When an artery springs back to its resting size. A small forward surge creates the notch.

Front 43

Pressure across vein walls is known as _________ pressure.

Back 43

Transmural

Front 44

If a patient is standing, the hydrostatic pressure at the heart equals _______.

Back 44

Zero

Front 45

Hydrostatic pressure + ___________= measured blood pressure

Back 45

Circulatory pressure

Front 46

During inspiration the diaphragm pushes ( upwards/ downwards)

Back 46

Downwards