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56 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Acceleration
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A change in velocity such as speeding up, slowing down, or changing direction. Units: m/s/s
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Amplitude
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The height of a transverse wave or compression of a longitudinal wave that relates to the wave intensity
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Charge
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an amount of electricity caused by too few or too many electrons
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Charge by Conduction
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Creating a charge by allowing electrons to flow to a material by direct contact
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Charge by Friction
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The transfer of electrons from one material to another by ripping electrons from a surface.
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Circular Motion
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A constant forward speed with a constant change in direction towards the center
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Closed Circuit
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A complete path through which electricity can flow
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Conductors
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Materials that allow the flow of electrons
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Current
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The flow of charge
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Directly Proportional
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When an change in one value causes a change in a second in the same direction
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displacement
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The straight line path from start to finish. Units: m
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Distance
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The total path an object travels. Units: m
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Electrons
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The small, negatively-charged, subatomic particle transferred during charging.
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Force
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Any push or pull. Units: N
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Free Body Diagram
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A set of arrows that show the forces acting on an object
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Frequency
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Cycles per second or waves per second
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Friction
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A force acting against forward motion caused by surfaces interacting. Units: N
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Gravitational Force
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A force of attraction caused by all objects with mass. Units: N
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Hertz
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The unit for frequency that means 1/sec
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Insulators
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Materials that block the flow of electrons
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Inversely Proportional
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When a change in one value causes a change in another in the opposite direction
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Law of conservation of energy
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Energy is neither created nor destroyed, but may change forms
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Longitudinal wave
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A compression wave in which the particles move in the same direction as the energy
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Magnitude
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Another word for "size" or "how much"
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Mass
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The amount of matter in an object. Unit: kg
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Mechanical Energy
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Kinetic or potential energy associated with the motion or position of an object.
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Mechanical Wave
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A wave that needs a physical medium
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Medium
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A physical material that makes up some waves
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Net Force
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The total force remaining after all forces have been accounted for. Units: N
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Newton
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The SI unit of force; equal to kg*m/s^2. Units: N
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Non-Mechanical Wave
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A wave that can travel through empty space as electromagnetic radiation
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Open Circuit
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A path with a break that prevents the flow of charge
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Periodic Motion
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Motion that repeats over time
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Polarization/Charge Separation
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The movement of electrons within a material when a charged object is brought near that causes positive and negative regions in the material
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Potential Energy
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Stored energy
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Proton
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The small, positively-charged, subatomic particle in the nucleus of an atom
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Rate
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A change over time
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Resistance
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A material's opposition to the flow of electric current.
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Revolution
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Moving in a path around a center point, like the earth around the sun
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Rotation
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Spinning on a central axis, like a top
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Scalar
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A measurement that only gives magnitude
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Short circuit
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An extra path in a circuit that allows charge to flow without going through the intended load
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Slope
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Rise / run
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Speed
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Distance traveled in an amount of time. Units: m/s
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Static Electricity
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A build-up of charge on the surface of a material by the gain or loss of electrons
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Transverse wave
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A wave with a crest and trough, in which the wave's particles move perpendicular to the energy
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Van de Graaf Generator
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A device used to build a static charge on the surface of a metal sphere.
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Vector
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A measurement that includes magnitude and direction
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Velocity
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A speed in a specific direction. Units: m/s
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Vibrations
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Repeated motions in space that cause sound
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Voltage
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The push on electric current
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Wave
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A disturbance in space and time
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Wave pulse
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A traveling wave crest or compression
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Wave speed
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The distance a wave pulse travels in a given time, also equal to wavelength x frequency
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Wavelength
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The distance from the crest of one wave to the crest of the next consecutive wave
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Weight
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The measure of gravity's pull on an object. Units: N
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