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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
lens
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a transparent object that uses the property of refraction to magnify or reduce images
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electromagnetic magnetic waves
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energy in wave form that is capable of traveling through a vacuum: radio waves, microwaves, etc.
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principal focus
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a point through which the rays reflected or refracted from a surface will pass
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mechanical waves
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rhythmic disturbances of a medium: sound waves, water waves, etc.
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constructive interference
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the inphase reinforcement of waves as they pass through each other
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hertz (Hz)
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the unit of frequency; one cycle per second
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frequency
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the number of waves that pass a given point in one second
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beam
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a very large number of individual light waves
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concave mirrors
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a mirror that curves like the inner surface of a sphere
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normal
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an imaginary line drawn perpendicular to the surface of a mirror
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X rays
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electromagnetic waves with frequencies higher than ultraviolet light; strong enough to penetrate body tissues
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transverse wave
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a wave whose vibration is at right angles to the direction in which it is traveling
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amplitude
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the distance that a wave rises or falls from its normal rest position
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microwaves
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electromagnetic waves with wavelengths from 0.3 cm to 30 cm, and with frequencies that range from 10(9) Hz to l0(11) Hz.
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wavelength
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the distance between adjacent troughs or peaks
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subtractive primary colors
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yellow, cyan, and magenta; when they are mixed in various proportions, they absorb all other colors except the one that is reflected. When all three are mixed together, they absorb every color, showing black.
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line spectrum
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a display of the various frequencies of light emitted by a source
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dispersion
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the separation of white light into different-colored light waves
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incandescent
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heated to glowing
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reflected ray
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an outgoing ray (away from the reflecting surface)
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radio waves
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electromagnetic waves with wavelengths between 1 and 10 m long and with frequencies below those of visible light waves
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trough
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the lowest point on a wave
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rays
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representations of the directions of light waves
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plane mirror
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a flat mirror
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longitudinal wave
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a wave whose vibration is in the same direction that it is traveling
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prism
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a triangular block of glass that is used to separate visible light into various colors
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destructive interference
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the out-of-phase cancellation of waves as they pass through each other
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radar
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radio detection and ranging devices that detect objects through the transmission and reflection of microwaves off of surfaces
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incident ray
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an incoming ray (toward the reflecting surface)
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real image
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an image that is produced in front of the plane of a mirror
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crests
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the highest point on a wave
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virtual images
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the images that appear to exist beyone a mirror
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gamma rays
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a form of radiation consisting of high-energy electromagnetic waves; electromagnetic waves that originate in the nucleus of an atom; the type of electromagnetic waves with the highest frequencies
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angle of reflection
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the angle between the reflected ray and the normal
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visible light
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electromagnetic waves with wavelengths ranging from 4 x 10(-1) cm to 7 x 10(-5) cm, and with frequencies ranging from 4.5 x 10(14) Hz to 7.5 x 10(14) Hz; the portion of radiant energy that can be sensed by our eyes
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ultraviolet light
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electromagnetic waves that are just beyond visible light in frequency
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velocity
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the rate at which an object changes position in a specified direction
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candela
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the metric unit of light intensity
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additive primary colors
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red, green, blue; form various colors when mixed in different proportions. When all three are mixed, they reflect white
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infrared waves
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electromagnetic waves with frequencies lower than visible light but greater than radio waves
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focal length
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the distance from a lens to its principal focus
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intensity
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the measure of how bright the light from a light source is or the loudiness of sound
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angle of incidence
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the angle between the incident ray and the normal
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law of reflection
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the angle of incidence must be equal to the angle of reflection
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refraction
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the bending of waves as they pass from one medium into another
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