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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Matter |
Anything that takes up space |
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Molecules |
Small basic units of matter formed by linked atoms |
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Solid |
Particles held in a fixed shape and have a fixed volume |
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Liquid |
Particles loosely held in a fixed volume but with no fixed shape Takes on shape of container |
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Gas |
Particles moving fast around each other with no fixed volume and freely flows |
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Melting |
Solid to liquid Head added |
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Freezing |
Liquid to solid Heat removed |
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Evaporation |
Liquid to gas Heat added |
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Condensation |
Gas to liquid Head removed |
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Boiling |
When a liquid gets hot enough to evaporate into a gas |
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Heat of fusion |
The amount of energy needed to change a solid to a liquid or a liquid to a solid |
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Heat of fusion for water |
334 J/g |
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Heat of vaporization |
Amount of energy needed to change a liquid to a gas or a gas to a liquid |
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Heat of vaporization for water |
2256J/g |
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Physical properties |
Properties that describe the look or feel of a substance |
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Example of physical properties |
Color, hardness, density, texture, phase |
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Physical change |
A physical property is changed without changing composition Can be reversed |
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Chemical property |
The ability of a substance to react with other substances or transform into another substance |
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Chemical bond |
Force of attraction between 2 atoms that holds them together |
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Chemical change |
Any change in a substance that involves a rearrangement of the way atoms are bonded |
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Chemical reaction |
New materials are formed by a change in the way atoms are bonded together |
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Malleable |
Can be made into different shapes without breaking |
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Ductile |
Can be drawn into a wire without breaking |
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Compound |
When atoms of different elements bond to one another |
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Chemical formula |
Represents a compound Elemental symbols of atoms followed by a number that represents how many of each atom there is |
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Naming system of a compound |
Left most element (metal) first Ratio listed before the element Ex) carbon monoxide is one carbon one oxygen |
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Prefixes for ratios of compounds |
1 mono 2 di 3 tri 4 tetra 5 penta |
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Macroscopic |
Anything we can see, feel, and touch |
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Microscopic |
Something that can only be seen through a light telescope |
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Submicroscopic |
Things too small to be seen with a light microscope Can be observed with an electron microscope |
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Metals |
Thermal and electrical conductors Electrons are loose Malleable, ductile, reflectors |
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Non-metals |
Poor thermal and electrical conductors Electrons are bound |
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Molecules are made of |
Atoms |
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Which requires removal of heat? Melting or freezing |
Freezing |
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What is a chemical bond? |
The electrical attraction that holds atoms together |
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A chemical reaction changes the way atoms are |
Bonded |
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Is the rusting of iron a chemical or physical change |
Chemical |
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Difference between an element and an atom? |
An atom is used to refer to submicroscopic particles in a sample and an element is used for microscopic and submicroscopic samples |
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Difference between an element and a compound |
An element has one type of atom and a compound has many |
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What does chemical formula tell us? |
The ratio in which atoms come together to form a substance |
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What chemical change occurs as a wax candle burns? |
The heated wax molecules combine with oxygen molecules |
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Atoms never stop |
Moving |
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The oldest known elements are ones with |
Atomic symbols that do not match their modern names |
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TiO2 contains no ____ molecules |
O2 |
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What is the name of CaCl2? |
Calcium chloride |
