Physical Science

Front 1

Newton's first law

Back 1

An object will remain in uniform motion unless acted upon by a force

Front 2

Newton's second law

Back 2

Object accelerates when a force is applied

Front 3

Newton's third law

Back 3

For every action there is an equal reaction

Front 4

The force that hold the nucleus of an atom together.

Back 4

Strong force

Front 5

The force between two charged particles.

Back 5

Electromagnetic force

Front 6

A force between objects with mass.

Back 6

Gravitational force

Front 7

Energy that depends on mass and speed.

Back 7

Kinetic energy

Front 8

Energy that depends on mass and height.

Back 8

Gravitational potential energy

Front 9

Energy that depends on the distance between charged particles.

Back 9

Electrical potential energy

Front 10

T of F When you are in uniform motion, you can detect that motion because the laws of nature change depending on the speed of your reference frame.

Back 10

False

Front 11

The pressure in a fluid increases with

Back 11

depth

Front 12

Sources of knowledge

Back 12

1. Authority

2. Sensory

3. Reason

4. Intuition

Front 13

Which quantities are conserved in non-relativistic processes.

Back 13

1. energy

2. mass

Front 14

2 postulates of relativity

Back 14

1. The laws of nature are the same for all observers in uniform motion.

2. The speed of light is constant for all observers in uniform motion.

Front 15

What determines how much an object will accelerate in response to an applied force.

Back 15

mass

Front 16

What does the size of gravitational forces depend on?

Back 16

mass

Front 17

What is found in the nucleus of an atom

Back 17

protons and neutrons

Front 18

An object moving close to the speed of light relative to an observer

Back 18

1. Moving objects are shorter than when they are at rest

2. Moving clocks run slow

3. An object's mass is greater when it is moving than when it is at rest

Front 19

As two like charges are brought close together electric potential energy

Back 19

increases

Front 20

As two unlike charges are brought close together electric potential energy

Back 20

decreases

Front 21

If you decrease the charge of one of a pair of charged objects, what will happen to the electromagnetic force between them?

Back 21

decreases

Front 22

If you increase the mass of an object the gravitational force on the object...

Back 22

increases

Front 23

The light clock experiment illustrates

Back 23

time dilation

Front 24

2 objects with different masses are dropped at the same time. which object will hit the ground first?

Back 24

both will reach the ground at the same time

Front 25

Which of Newton's laws describes objects moving in a straight line at constant speed?

Back 25

Newton's first law

Front 26

Which of Newton's laws describes objects moving in a circle at constant speed?

Back 26

Newton's second law

Front 27

Archimedes Principle states that the buoyant force on a submerged object is equal to

Back 27

The weight of the displaced fluid

Front 28

Equation for newton's second law linear motion

Back 28

F=ma

Front 29

Equation for newton's second law angular motion

Back 29

F=mar

Front 30

Buoyancy force

Back 30

the weight of the displaced fluid

Front 31

Authority

Back 31

Trusting knowledge of another person

Front 32

Intuition

Back 32

knowledge imparted to us through methods outside of our five senses

Front 33

Reason

Back 33

Knowledge from an internally consistent system of assumptions and conclusions

Front 34

Sensory data

Back 34

experienced through five senses

Front 35

Hypothesis

Back 35

first guess

Front 36

Theory

Back 36

Tested hypothesis

Front 37

Laws

Back 37

Theories that have never been proven incorrect

Front 38

models

Back 38

schematic descriptions of physical systems

Front 39

Six "self-evident truths"

Back 39

1. existence

2. causality

3. position symmetry

4. time symmetry

5. principle of noncontradiction

6. occam's razor

Front 40

existence

Back 40

there is a physical world separate from our minds

Front 41

causality

Back 41

events in the physical universe have natural causes

Front 42

position symmetry

Back 42

the laws of nature are the same everywhere in the universe

Front 43

time symmetry

Back 43

the laws of nature have always been the same

Front 44

occam's razor

Back 44

explain things the simplest way

Front 45

4 interactions in nature

Back 45

1. electromagnetic

2. weak nuclear

3. strong nuclear

4. gravity

Front 46

A push or a pull on an object

Back 46

force

Front 47

Strong nuclear interaction

Back 47

the interaction between nucleons that gives rise to the strong force

Front 48

electromagnetic interaction

Back 48

interaction between charged objects that gives rise to the electromagnetic force

Front 49

weak nuclear interaction

Back 49

the interaction between nucleons that gives rise to the weak force

Front 50

Quark

Back 50

elementary particles that make up protons and neutrons

Front 51

radioactive

Back 51

atoms whose nuclei can spontaneously change under the influence of the weak nuclear force

Front 52

Uniform motion

Back 52

motion at a constant speed in a straight line

Front 53

state of uniform motion

Back 53

no unbalanced forces

Front 54

velocity

Back 54

speed in a particular direction

Front 55

acceleration

Back 55

rate of change of velocity per unit time

Front 56

centripetal

Back 56

toward a center

Front 57

net force

Back 57

sum of all the forces present on a body

Front 58

unbalanced forces

Back 58

portion of the total force that will cause acceleration

Front 59

mass

Back 59

how much it accelerates when a force is applied

Front 60

weight

Back 60

force of gravity on an object

Front 61

formula for weight and acceleration

Back 61

w=mg

Front 62

Law of gravity

Back 62

F=GmM/dsquared

Front 63

General theory of relativity

Back 63

gravity makes time slower

Front 64

Electric force law equation

Back 64

F=kqQ/dsquated

Front 65

Electric force constant

Back 65

number relating the strength of the electric force to the charges involved and their distance apart

Front 66

J.J. Thomson

Back 66

used a gas discharge tube to determine that electricity had mass

Front 67

Coulomb

Back 67

discovered the forces between charged bodies are proportional to the charges on them

Front 68

Robert millikan

Back 68

developed a way to measure the charge of an individual electron

Front 69

Insulator

Back 69

a material that does not permit electrons to flow through it

Front 70

conductor

Back 70

a material that allows electrons to flow through it

Front 71

electric current

Back 71

electric charges flowing through a conductor

Front 72

direct current

Back 72

steady flow of electrons in one direction

Front 73

alternating current

Back 73

current of electrons that changes directions

Front 74

ferromagnetism

Back 74

metal alloys that are attracted to magnets or can be transformed into magnets

Front 75

field lines

Back 75

lines coming from an object representing the strength of the force

Front 76

Domain

Back 76

small section in a magnet where the magnetic force from all the atoms add together

Front 77

curie temperature

Back 77

temp which metal become unmagnetized

Front 78

contact force

Back 78

force between objects that touch

Front 79

Pressure

Back 79

force/area

Front 80

density

Back 80

mass/volume

Front 81

convection

Back 81

circulation in a fluid caused by temperature and density differences

Front 82

relativity

Back 82

motion is only defined relative to other objects

Front 83

inertial frame of reference

Back 83

state of motion that is experiencing no acceleration

Front 84

noninertial frame of reference

Back 84

state of motion undergoing acceleration

Front 85

special theory of relativity

Back 85

speed slows down clocks

Front 86

conservation of (6)

Back 86

mass

atomic mass number

charge

linear momentum

angular momentum

energy

Front 87

potential energy

Back 87

depends on position

Front 88

kinetic energy

Back 88

associated with motion

Front 89

mechanical energy

Back 89

kinetic or potential energy of large, macroscopic objects

Front 90

internal energy

Back 90

energy hidden within matter

Front 91

work

Back 91

energy is transferred to or from an object by an agent that exerts forces on the object and the object moves along in the direction of the force

Front 92

thermal energy

Back 92

kinetic energy of molecules in matter

Front 93

conduction

Back 93

transmission of heat through a conducting medium without perceptible motion of the medium itself

Front 94

convection

Back 94

energy is stored in matter as internal energy then the matter is moved

Front 95

radiation

Back 95

energy is moved by light or other rays