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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Sedimentary rocks
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Rocks that form through lithification of accumulated mineral or organic matter at or near surface of solid Earth
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Sedimentary rocks form at _______ pressure and _______ temperature.
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low, low
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Four types of sedimentary rocks are _________, _________, _________, and _________ .
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clastic, organic, chemical, biochemical
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________ rocks tend to be made of weathering-resistant minerals.
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Clastic
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_______ rocks can form as evaporites.
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Chemical
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______ rocks tend to form from ancient swampy environments.
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Organic
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The _______ series comes from the remains of plants.
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coal
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The decay of plant matter makes the water _________ .
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acidic
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The environment of peat is ______ ______ and ______-_______ .
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fresh water, near-coastal
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The 5 stages of clastic rock formation:
1 - ____________ 2 - ____________ 3 - ____________ 4 - ____________ 5 - ____________ |
weathering, erosion, transportation, deposition, lithification
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Weathering is the _______ ________ of the pieces and erosion is the _______ ________ of the pieces.
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breaking up, sweeping away
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Erosion is the _______ ________ ________ of the pieces and transportation is the _______ ________ ________ of the pieces
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immediate sweeping away, long distance travel
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The three stages of lithification are:
1 - ____________ 2 - ____________ 3 - ____________ |
burial, compaction, cementation
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Cementation involves ________ ________ .
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ground water
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________ cement gives a red/orange color.
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Hematite
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Grain size ---> ________ ________
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depositional energy
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Wentworth scale
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a table that shows particle size classification for detrital rocks
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Conglomerate
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- high energy environment
- some transportation - gravel sized grain held together by finer matrix |
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Breccia
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- no transportation
- angular gravel sized grain held together by finer matrix |
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Sandstone
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- moderate depositional energy
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Arkosic rocks
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- cold and dry environment
- abundant potassium feldspar (at least 25%) derived from the physical weathering of granite |
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Shale and Mudstone
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- quiet water or windblown environment with plant matter
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Shale tends to _____ _____ _____ but mudstone is more ______ .
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split into sheets, massive
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What test should you perform to check to see if a rock is a limestone?
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Acid test
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Oolites form in _______, ________ ________ with _______ ______ ______ .
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warm shallow seas, gentle wave action
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Cemented looks like a ______ ______ and interlocking looks like a ______ ______ .
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rice crispy, jigsaw puzzle
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Asymmetric ripples implies that the environment had a ________ .
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current
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Symmetric ripples implies that the environment had ______ .
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tides
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Cross bedding dips in the direction of the environment's _________ .
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current
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