• Shuffle
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Alphabetize
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Front First
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Both Sides
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Read
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
Reading...
Front

Card Range To Study

through

image

Play button

image

Play button

image

Progress

1/36

Click to flip

Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;

Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;

H to show hint;

A reads text to speech;

36 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Fastest growth in lifespan
height and weight gains
Cephalocaudal trend
head develops more radily than lower body
Proximodistal trend
center of body outward
Evidence of sensitive periods in brain development
Babies born with cataracts suffer blindness if surgery delayedOlder adoptees more cognitive impairment
Sleeping arrangement
in middle class US families - no cosleepingelsewhere and in kentucky and black people more cosleeping
Breast feeding advantages/disadvantages
Provides correct balance of fat and protein and nutritionProtects against diseasesHelps ensure phys growthProper jaw development, transition to solid foodsMakes babies hungry more often
Bottle feeding
do not differ in emotional adjustment, no cognitive benefit
fatness in infancy and adulthood
more fat babies stay fat in adulthood nowtv, breastfeeding, and obese parents variables
Malnutrition effects
marasmus and kwashiorkor, disrupted body and brain growthintellectual and emotional impairments
Nonorganic failure to thrive
growth disorder caused by lack of affection and stimulation at 18 months
extinction in classical conditioning
CS presented alone with out UCS too many times, CR no longer occurs
habituation and recovery (dishabituation) example
infants shift from novelty preferences to famiiarity
Baby imitation
unclear whether or not its reflexive
Gross motor development
control over actions that help infants get around environmentwalking, standing, crawling
Fine motor development
smaller movementsgrasping, reaching
Age infants typically sit alone, crawl and walk alone
sit - 7 mocrawl - 7mowalk -11 mo
Dynamic systems theory of motor development
shows motor development not genetically determined because its motivated by exploration and desire to master new tasks
microgenetic research
study of innate skills developped through interaction with environment
foot reaching violation of cephalacophal trend?
depends on anatomy of body part being used, surrounding environment and baby's efforts
milestones in voluntary reaching
PrereachingUlnar grasp (clumsy)Pincer grasp
Ulnar grasp vs pincer
clumsy wrap fingers around palm vs thumb and forefinger increased ability
Earlier reaching behavior in infants
modest visual stimulation reached earlier and better than non and over stimulated
Stimulation and motor development
Trying to push infants beyond their readiness to handle stimulation undermines development of important motor skills
Age toddlers ready for toilet training
Older than 2 years
Age infants differentiate melodies, recognize familiar words, detect clauses and phrases
6-7 mo diff melodies, 7-9 mo familiar words12 mo clause and phrases
Evidence for babies sensitive period to culture specific learning
in monkey faces, babies fail to differentiate after 9 moBiologically prepared to zero in on socially meaningful perceptual distinctions
Age can discriminate colors
4 months
Infants learn depth and what motor skill at the same time
crawling
More experience and visual cliff task
More experienced crawler scared to go over visual cliffcrawling promotes 3d understanding
Interventions that help blind infants overcome delays
combine sound and touch, reptition, language stimulation
Depth perception
Responsiveness to motion developsthen sensitivity to binocular and then pictorial cues6-7 mo
Pattern perception
contrast sensitivyFirst stare at single high contrast featuresThen explore internal features of pattern and detect organization2-3 mo
Face perception
Prefer to look at photos and simplified drawing of facesSensitive to outlines of moms face as newborn, prefer her features at 2 mo, recog fine differences 3 mo, percieve emotional expresions at 5 mo
Habituation research in testing infant perception
reveals that at 4 mo, infants percieve ball's path as continuous as it moves back and forth behind screen
Gibson's differentiation theory of perceptual development
infants actively search for invariant features of environment in a constantly changing perceptual worldguided by discovery of affordances
affordances
action possibilities that situation offers the individual