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24 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Physical State
Specific condition of a sample of matter in terms of it's physical form, volume, pressure, temperature and amount present
Energy
Capacity to do work
Work
Ability to move against an opposing force
Kinetic Energy
Energy of a body due to its motion
Potential Energy
Energy something possesses due to its motion
System
Part of something 'we' have an interest in
Open system
Exchange both matter and energy with its surroundings
Closed System
Exchange only energy with its surroundings
Isolated System
System which exchanges neither matter or energy with its surroundings
Exothermic
System which transfers heat to its surroundings
Endothermic
System which absorbs heat from its surroundings
First Law of thermodynamics
Internal energy of an isolated system is constant
Enthalpy
H = U +pV
Measure of the total energy of a thermodynamic system
Enthalpy Change
Energy exchange with the surroundings at a constant pressure
State function
Is a property of a system which depends only on the current state of system
Standard State
Pure substance at exactly one bar
Standard Enthalpy of formation
Sum of products - sum of reactants
entropy
a quantitative measure of the amount of thermal energy per unit temperature, not available to do work
Second law of thermodynamics
entropy of an isolated system tends to increase
Third law of thermodynamics
entropies of a perfectly crystalline substance are the same at T=0K
Gibbs free energy
G=H-TS
H, T, S all state functions
In Gibbs energy a constant temperature results in a change in enthalpy and entropy
Hess's Law
Total enthalpy change in a reaction during the complete course of a reaction is the same whether it is one step or more than one step
Biological standard state
pH = 7
What does a change in state function depend on?
Only the start and final state of a reaction not the stages inbetween