Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Physical State
|
Specific condition of a sample of matter in terms of it's physical form, volume, pressure, temperature and amount present
|
|
Energy
|
Capacity to do work
|
|
Work
|
Ability to move against an opposing force
|
|
Kinetic Energy
|
Energy of a body due to its motion
|
|
Potential Energy
|
Energy something possesses due to its motion
|
|
System
|
Part of something 'we' have an interest in
|
|
Open system
|
Exchange both matter and energy with its surroundings
|
|
Closed System
|
Exchange only energy with its surroundings
|
|
Isolated System
|
System which exchanges neither matter or energy with its surroundings
|
|
Exothermic
|
System which transfers heat to its surroundings
|
|
Endothermic
|
System which absorbs heat from its surroundings
|
|
First Law of thermodynamics
|
Internal energy of an isolated system is constant
|
|
Enthalpy
|
H = U +pV
Measure of the total energy of a thermodynamic system |
|
Enthalpy Change
|
Energy exchange with the surroundings at a constant pressure
|
|
State function
|
Is a property of a system which depends only on the current state of system
|
|
Standard State
|
Pure substance at exactly one bar
|
|
Standard Enthalpy of formation
|
Sum of products - sum of reactants
|
|
entropy
|
a quantitative measure of the amount of thermal energy per unit temperature, not available to do work
|
|
Second law of thermodynamics
|
entropy of an isolated system tends to increase
|
|
Third law of thermodynamics
|
entropies of a perfectly crystalline substance are the same at T=0K
|
|
Gibbs free energy
|
G=H-TS
H, T, S all state functions In Gibbs energy a constant temperature results in a change in enthalpy and entropy |
|
Hess's Law
|
Total enthalpy change in a reaction during the complete course of a reaction is the same whether it is one step or more than one step
|
|
Biological standard state
|
pH = 7
|
|
What does a change in state function depend on?
|
Only the start and final state of a reaction not the stages inbetween
|