Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Potential energy
|
energy due to position / where you are
(coulombic potential, spring potential, due to height...) |
|
Kinetic energy
|
1/2mv^2
|
|
Energy
|
the capacity to do work
|
|
Thermodynamics
|
bulk matter (macroscopic world)
|
|
Microscopic view
|
atoms & molecules & nanostructures
|
|
System
|
subject of our study
|
|
Boundary
|
(wall) real or imaginary; separates system from environment
|
|
Surrounding
|
outside
|
|
Universe
|
System + boundary + surrounding
|
|
Isolated system
|
no matter or energy can be transferred
|
|
Open system
|
transfer energy and matter to it or from it
|
|
Closed system
|
energy is transferred but not matter
|
|
Diathermal
|
can exchange heat with the environment
|
|
Adiabatic
|
no heat exchange with the environment
|
|
Barometer
|
measures pressure of atmosphere
|
|
State of system
|
as condition of system fully described by certain thermodynamical parameters
|
|
Thermo Parameters
|
P, T, V
|
|
Phase of matter
|
solid, liquid, gas
|
|
Ideal or perfect gas
|
negligible size (shown by a dot), PV=nRT; gases that have no affinity for its kind; potential energy = 0; kinetic energy depends on T
|
|
Boyle
|
PV = constant; T must stay constant
|
|
Charles' Law
|
P/T = constant; V must stay constant
|
|
Avogadro
|
V/n = constant; everything being the same
|
|
Intensive properties
|
independent of amount (P, T)
|
|
Extensive properties
|
depend on mass or amount (V)
|
|
Isothermal
|
when T doesn't change
|
|
Isobaric
|
when P doesn't change
|
|
Isochoric
|
when V doesn't change
|
|
Zeroth Law
|
If A is in thermal equilibrium with B and B is in thermal equilibrium with C, then A is in thermal equilibrium with C
|
|
First Law
|
energy is conserved; energy can only change with heat or cooling or make it work or work on it
|
|
Path-dependent process
|
work
|
|
Path-independent process
|
temperature, volume and pressure
|
|
Reversible Isothermal Expansion
|
T stays constant
|
|
Irreversible Isothermal Expansion
|
sudden change; T is constant at the end
|