Phys Assessment Test 02 Cardiac/pulmonary

Front 1

this is the best early detection marker in the blood, post-MI

Back 1

troponin I

Front 2

average respirations/min for adults
kids?

Back 2

12-20
20-30

Front 3

dyspnea is

Back 3

difficulty breathing (SOB)

Front 4

orthopnea is

Back 4

difficulty breathing while laying down (how many pillows?)
blood pools in chest and abdomen when supine

Front 5

cyanosis is also known as

Back 5

blueness of the skin due to lack of blood perfusion

Front 6

clubbing of fingers indicates

Back 6

poor perfusion to ends of fingers

Front 7

a barrel chest indicates

Back 7

an increase/hypertrophy of chest muscles involved in respiration
COPD
bronchitis

Front 8

crackling noises indicate

Back 8

bronchitis (due to increased purulent exudate in alveoli-alveolar opening)

pathological S3

Front 9

localized area of collapsed lung or alveoli is known as

Back 9

atelectasis

Front 10

this has the symptom of sharp pain in chest with dull, flat fremitus
patient complains of trouble breathing

Back 10

pleural effusion

Front 11

these are the 3 main types of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Back 11

emphysema
bronchitis
asthma

Front 12

this has the signs of tachypnea, loss of alveoli, and a 'pink puffer'-patient presentation

Back 12

emphysema

Front 13

this has the signs of decreased respiration rate, with elevated airway resistance, increased mucus production and a 'blue-bloater'-patient presentation

Back 13

bronchitis
(crackles upon auscultation)

Front 14

normal pH of the blood

Back 14

7.4 +/- 0.05

Front 15

this is the molecule used to determine a respiratory change in the blood pH

Back 15

CO2

Front 16

this is the molecule used to determine a metabolic change in the blood pH

Back 16

HCO3-

Front 17

this is the amount of blood absorbed by Hgb in RBCs

Back 17

O2 saturation

Front 18

you must always do this testing after a respiratory-compromised patient has been on beta-blocker meds

Back 18

spirometry

Front 19

all that wheezes is not asthma,
could also be

Back 19

CHF
airway obstruction with FB
chronic bronchitis
gastroesophageal reflux disease

Front 20

the bronchi sound upon auscultation

Back 20

tubular and louder

Front 21

the vesicles/lobes sound upon auscultation

Back 21

soft and short for expirations

Front 22

murmurs are caused by blood rushing over a stenosis/structure in
bruits are caused by blood rushing over a stenosis/structure in

Back 22

valves/vessels of the heart

vessels

Front 23

S1 is associated with

Back 23

the closing of the atrioventricular valves

Front 24

S2 is associated with

Back 24

closure of the pulmonic and aortic valves

Front 25

S3 is associated with

Back 25

deceleration of blood against ventricular wall
just after S2

Front 26

S4 is associated with

Back 26

atrial contraction against higher ventricular pressures
just before S1

Front 27

S3 gallop

Back 27

failure of volume overloaded ventricle
KEN-TUCK-Y

Front 28

S4 gallop

Back 28

stiff, thickened LV wall assoc with HTN, AS, post-MI
TENN-E-SSEE

Front 29

these are the 1st line of treatment for CHF

Back 29

beta-blockers

Front 30

this is the drug used first for post-MI

Back 30

beta blockers

Front 31

the P wave of an EKG indicates

Back 31

atrial contraction

Front 32

the QRS complex of an EKG indicates

Back 32

depolarization and contraction of the ventricles

Front 33

primary heart block can be described as

Back 33

slowed conduction to the AV node

Front 34

secondary heart block can be described as

Back 34

intermittent failure of conduction (extra P wave)

Front 35

tertiary heart block can be described as

Back 35

no AV pulses transmitted whatsoever
rhythmic rate 30-40/min
congenital-good prognosis
acquired-reflects damage (poor prognosis)

Front 36

if CHF is caused by a stenosis, this indicates

Back 36

pressure overload

Front 37

if CHF is caused by regurgitation, this indicates

Back 37

volume overload

Front 38

what are the 4 things you must do if your patient is having an MI

Back 38

give ASA
call 911
administer AED
supplemental O2

Front 39

diaphoresis means

Back 39

excessive sweat/exertion presentation

Front 40

distended neck veins/foot swelling/suprasternal notch all indicate

Back 40

right side heart failure/heart block

Front 41

a PMI displaced downward indicates

Back 41

COPD

Front 42

a PMI displaced laterally indicates

Back 42

CHF

Front 43

if the size of PMI is > 2.5 cm, assume

Back 43

LVH

Front 44

the diaphragmatic areas of auscultation for cardiac assessment are (starting with the top of the 'Z' and going to the bottom)

Back 44

aortic area
pulmonic area
erb's point
tricuspid area
mitral area

Front 45

chest pain/pressure
SOB
palpitations
syncope
sympathetic responses
atypical presentations

Back 45

all symptoms of MI/heart problems

Front 46

perceived volume overload of vasculature at night, results in urine increase

Back 46

nocturia

Front 47

sudden waking from sleep due to decreased respiration and angina

Back 47

paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea

Front 48

these can cause gray outs

Back 48

TIAs
heart block

Front 49

this type of arrhythmia responds to deep breaths

Back 49

paroxysmal atrial tachycardia

Front 50

this will cause lid edema in early AM

Back 50

CHF