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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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describe the role of each of the following: artereis, arterioles, capillaries, venules, veins
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arteries-high pressure transport; arterioles- control and distribution of flow; capillaires-nutrient exchange; venules-collect blood from capillaries; veins- transport blood back to heart
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Describe the aproximate distribution of blood volume
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64% veins, 13% arteries, 7% heart, 9% pulmonary vessels
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How does the pressure change thorughout the circulatory system, where does the most siginficant drop occur
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High in arteries, low in veins, biggest drop across arterioles, note also that pulsations diminish as well
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What is the mathematical relationship between flow, pressure, and resistance?
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F=change in pressure/ resistance (analoguos to omh's law I=V/R
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what is the relationship between resistance and conductance, how does conductance relate to diameter
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conductance is the inverse of resistance, conductance ~ d^4
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What is Poiseuille's law (describe the relationships)
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F=[P(pi)r^4]/8nl, Flow is directely related the change in pressure and the radius^4, inversely related to viscosity and length of tube
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describe laminar flow
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smooth, streamline flow through vessels, fastest in the middle slowest at the edges
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list four factors that determine arterial pressure contours
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1. stroke volume 2. HR 3. Aterial vascular resistance 4. Force of contraction
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How would you expect arteriosclerosis to change the shape of an arterial pressure pulse contour
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The upstroke would be much steeper because the stiff vessel cannot strecth to changes in volume so the pressure spikes
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How would you aortic stenosis to change the shape of an aterial pressure pulse contour
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W/ stenosis, less blood is leaving the heart so the stroke volume decreases, this dampens the pulse contour
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How would a PDA affect an aterial pressure pulse contour
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a PDA shunts blood back into the heart so stroke volume increases, this increases in volume results in a very steep upstroke in the pulse contour
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How would aortic regurgitation affect an arterial pulse pressure contour
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Blood flows out rapidly but then returns, up stroke volume but immediate decrases leads to contour with steep upstroke and downstroke
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how do you calculate mean arterial blood pressure
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DBP + 1/3 Pulse
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What is a normal right atrial press
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0mmHg
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WHich organs serve as larges blood reserviours
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spleen, liver, large abdominal veins, venous plexus of skin, heart, lungs
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Hydrostatic pressure in the veins of the leg and foot is high, what prevents all of the blood from pooling in the legs
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venous valves and muscle pumps
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how is resistance calculated in series and parallel
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series- sum, parallel= sum of inverses
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