Phylum Platyhelminthes

Front 1

Class Turbellaria

Back 1

Mostly Free Living. Range in Length. Combination of Muscular with ciliary movement to achieve locomotion.

Front 2

Class Turbellaria (continued)

Back 2

Very small planaria swim by means of there cilia. Others move by gliding, with the head slightly raised, over a slime track secreted by the marginal adhesive glands.

Front 3

What does active directed movement require?

Back 3

An elongated body form with head and tail ends, and dorsal and ventral sides.

Front 4

Bilaterally Symmetrical Animals

Back 4

Can be divided along only one plane of symmetry to yield two halves that are mirror images of each other.

Front 5

Acoelomate Animals

Back 5

bodies lack a coelom. This term only applies to animals possessing mesoderm.

Front 6

Phylum Platyhelminthes

Back 6

Free Living Worms

Front 7

Class Trematoda

Back 7

Parasitic Flukes. As adults they are almost all endoparasites of vertebrates.

Front 8

Structural Adaptations for parasitism (Class Trematoda)

Back 8

Various penetration Glands or glands that produce cyst material, Organs for attachment, such as suckers and hooks, and increased reproductive capacity.

Front 9

Similiar Characteristics between Turbellarians and Trematodes

Back 9

Well developed gut tube but with mouth at the anterior or cephalic end. Sense organs are poorly developed.

Front 10

Similiar Characteristics (continued)

Back 10

Similar reproductive, excretory, and nervous system, as well as a musculature and parenchyma that differ slightly from turbellarians.

Front 11

Class Monogenea

Back 11

External Parasites that clamp onto the gills and external surfaces of fish using a hooked attachment organ called an opisthaptor.

Front 12

Monogenea Life Cycles

Back 12

Single Host (There is no intermediate host). The egg hatches a ciliated larva that attaches to a host, sometimes following a free-swimming phase.

Front 13

Class Cestoda

Back 13

Long flat bodies composed of a scolex, for attachment to the host, foollowed by many reproductive units or proglottids.

Front 14

Scolex or Hold fast

Back 14

usually provided with suckers or suckerlike organs and often with hooks or spiny tentacles as well.

Front 15

Cestoda/Tapeworms

Back 15

Lack a digestive system, But they have well developed muscles and their excretory and nervous systems are somewhat similar to other flatworms.

Front 16

Cestoda

Back 16

They have no special sense organs but sensory endings in their tegument are modified cilia.

Front 17

Cestoda

Back 17

Monoecious, no external motile cilia nd the tegument is composed of a distal cytoplasm with sunken cell bodies beneath the seuperficial layer of muscle.

Front 18

Tapeworms

Back 18

Entire surface is coverd with minute projections called microtriches.

Front 19

The main body of a cestode is a chain of proglottids called...?

Back 19

Strobila

Front 20

Found behind the scolex where new proglottids form..?

Back 20

Germinative Zone

Front 21

Phylum Platyhelminthes

Back 21

Bilaterally Symmetric, Three Embryonic Tissue Layers, and No Coelom.

Front 22

Rhabdites

Back 22

Rodlike structures in the cells of the epidermis or underlying parenchyma in certain turbellarians. They are discharged in mucous secretions.

Front 23

Dual-Gland Adhesive Organ

Back 23

Organs in the epidermis of most turbellarians, with three cell types: Viscid and releasing gland cells and anchor cells.

Front 24

Syncytial Epidermis

Back 24

Where cell bodies (containing the nuclei) are located beneath the basement membrane of the epidermis and communicate with the distal (surface) cytoplasm throygh cytoplasmic channels.

Front 25

Tegument

Back 25

Adults of all members of Trematoda, Monogenea, and Cestoda share a synctial covering that entirely lacks cilia

Front 26

Pharynx

Back 26

The part of the digestive tract between the mouth cavity and the esophagus that in vertebrates, is common to both the digestive and the repiratory tracts.

Front 27

In turbellarians; Opens posteriorly just inside the mouth, through which it can extend.

Back 27

Pharynx

Front 28

Extracellular/Intracellular Digestion

Back 28

Intestinal Secretions contain proteolytic enzymes. Food is sucked into the intestine, where cells of the gastrodermis often phagocytize it, and complete intracellular digestion. Undigested food is egested through the Pharynx.

Front 29

Flame Cells

Back 29

Specialized hollow excretory or osmoregylatory structure composed of one or several small cells containg a tuft or flagella (the flame) and situated at the end of a minute tubule: connected tubules ultimately open to the outside.

Front 30

Protonephridia

Back 30

Primitive osmoregualtory or excretory organ consisting of a tubule terminating internally with a flame bulb or solenocyte. The unit of a flame bulb system.

Front 31

Ocelli

Back 31

Light sensitive eyespots. common in Turbellarians, monogeneans, and larval trematodes.

Front 32

Auricles

Back 32

Earlike lobes on the sides of the head. Tactile cells and chemoreceptive cells are abundant over the body and in planarians definitive organs are formed on the...?

Front 33

Statocyst

Back 33

Sense organs of equilibrium, a fluid filled cellular cyst containing one or more granules. Used to sense direction of gravity.

Front 34

Rheoreceptors

Back 34

For sensing water current direction.

Front 35

Endolecithal

Back 35

Yolk for nutrition of the embryo incorporated into the egg cell itself.

Front 36

Ectolecithal

Back 36

Yolk cells surround the zygote within an eggshell.

Front 37

How many Intermediate host does the Human Liver have?

Back 37

2

Front 38

Phylum Nemertea

Back 38

Thread or Ribbon shaped predatory worms, often called ribbon worms.

Front 39

Phylum Nemertea: Proboscis

Back 39

A long blind muscular tube that opens at the anterior end at a ___Pore above the mouth. A snout or trunk. Also a tubular sucking or feeding organ with the mouth at the end as in planarians, leeches, and insects. Also the sensory and defensive organ at the anterior end of certain invertebrates.

Front 40

Phylum Nemertea: Digestive System

Back 40

Extends the full length of the body and ends at the anus. The presence of an anus allows ingestion and egestion to occur simultaneously. Cilia move food through the intestine. Digestion is largely extracellular.

Front 41

Phylum Nemertea: Circulatory System

Back 41

Irregular flow of blood is maintained by the contractile walls of the vessels. System is closed. Blood cells containing hemoglobin to carry oxygen.

Front 42

Phylum Nemertea: Reproduction

Back 42

Dioecious. Some species reproduce asexually by fragmentation and regeneration.

Front 43

Phylum Nemertea: Nervous System

Back 43

Posses a pair of nerve ganglia, and one or more pairs of longitudinal nerve cords are connected by transverse nerves.

Front 44

Proboscis

Back 44

Used to capture prey

Front 45

Digestion in Nermertea

Back 45

Takes place in the lumen of the intestine.

Front 46

Rhynchocoel

Back 46

Fluid-Filled cavity surrounding Proboscis.

Front 47

Mouth of Free Living Flatworms

Back 47

Serves as entrance for Food and Exit for Wastes