Phy Sci Final

Front 1

The main reason for building large telescopes on the Earth's surface is to

Back 1

collect more light from faint objects

Front 2

A changing electric field will produce a

Back 2

magnetic field

Front 3

Of the following kinds of waves the only ones that cannot travel through a vacuum (like outer space) are

Back 3

sound waves

Front 4

Light of which of the following wavelengths has the highest frequency

Back 4

gamma-ray

Front 5

Which of the following types of EM radiation has the longest wavelength

Back 5

Infra-red

Front 6

A set of Christmas tree lights is wired in series. What will happen if one of the lights burns out?

Back 6

all the lights will turn off

Front 7

To an astronaut in orbit many miles above Earth's atmosphere, the sky around him/her appears

Back 7

black

Front 8

Radio waves are

Back 8

light waves

Front 9

You are looking at a penny at the bottom of a fountain that s 2m deep while standing on a sidewalk above it. To you the penny seems to be

Back 9

less than 2m deep

Front 10

If an electron jumps from a higher energy level in an atom to a lower energy level, a photon is

Back 10

emitted

Front 11

Thomas Young performed a crucial experiment on the nature of light when he

Back 11

demonstrated the wave nature of light by passing light through two slits and obtaining a pattern of bright and dark bands on a screen that he correctly interpreted as interference between the two light beams

Front 12

An ambulance with siren blaring passes you. Compared to the wavelengths of the sound waves emitted from it's siren, those that reach your ear

Back 12

gradually become shorter and shorter as the ambulance approaches you and then gradually become longer and longer as the ambulance recedes from you

Front 13

The sun appears reddish as it sets because

Back 13

the blue wavelengths have already been scattered by the atmosphere

Front 14

Because of the law of conservation of mass, it seems reasonable that

Back 14

the number of atoms of reactants must equal the number of atoms of products

Front 15

Isotopes of an element are atoms that have

Back 15

the same number of protons, but a different number of neutrons

Front 16

Identify the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in an atom of 19/9 F

Back 16

9 protons, 10 neutrons, and 9 electrons

Front 17

Which of the following is not considered to be one of the four fundamental forces

Back 17

Neutrino

Front 18

The elements in the far right column of the periodic table are called

Back 18

the noble gases

Front 19

In a chemical equation, the reactants are found on the left side of the arrow

Back 19

True

Front 20

The cyclic motions of the Sun and stars in our sky are

Back 20

due to the motions of Earth

Front 21

The spin of earth on it's axis

Back 21

Rotation
-spinning at over 1000 miles/hour

Front 22

Sun, moon, stars set along the

Back 22

western horizon

Front 23

People living at different latitudes see stars

Back 23

move differently

Front 24

the movement of the Earth in
its orbit around the Sun

Back 24

Revolution
-takes one year for Earth to complete one revolution

Front 25

developed an
astronomy that detailed
the motions of the
Moon and planets.

Back 25

Babylonians

Front 26

attempted to model the universe,

Back 26

Anaximander

Front 27

Said that Earth does not spin because there is no
wind outside. Other things must be orbiting Earth

Back 27

geocentric orbit

Front 28

The terms ____ & _____were
coined by Copernicus to distinguish a planet's
orbit's size in relation to the Earth's.

Back 28

inferior planet and superior planet

Front 29

The apparent shift of an object
against a background due to a
change in observer position.

Back 29

Parallax

Front 30

The orbit of a planet around the Sun is
an ellipse with the Sun at one focus.

Back 30

Kepler Law #1

Front 31

A line joining the planet and the Sun sweeps out equal areas in equal intervals of time

Back 31

Kepler Law #2

Front 32

The square of a planet’s sidereal period
around the Sun is proportional to the cube of its
semi-major axis.

Back 32

Kepler Law #3

Front 33

He used the telescope to look at astronomical objects

Back 33

Galileo

Front 34

Rotation takes ____ earth days, so a day is longer than a year on Venus

Back 34

243

Front 35

Moons closest and farthest approach to earth

Back 35

Closest:perigee
Farthest: apogee

Front 36

The gravity on the moon is ___ that of earths

Back 36

1/6th

Front 37

The phases of the moon are called ____ and last ____

Back 37

the Syndonic Period
29 1/2 days

Front 38

Greatest surface temperature range of any planet or natural satellite

Back 38

-183°C to 427° C.

Front 39

Mercury has a very large

Back 39

iron-nickle core

Front 40

Venus spins slowly in a ______ direction, called _______
rotation because it is the opposite of the other planets

Back 40

clockwise
retrograde

Front 41

Why does Venus not have a magnetic field?

Back 41

clouds obscure surface

Front 42

Able to see through thick clouds on Venus

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Magellan space craft

Front 43

first ever taken of Earth from another planet

Back 43

Sprint image

Front 44

We hope to gain insight into the history of

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martian water

Front 45

Looking for life on Mars

Back 45

Curiosity

Front 46

position of orange and yellow

Back 46

orange belt: left
yellow zone: right

Front 47

The innermost moon of Jupiter, ____ largest moon in the solar system

Back 47

Io, 4th

Front 48

Most likely to harbor life

Back 48

Europa

Front 49

Has the most craters

Back 49

Callisto

Front 50

Saturn's rings are __% ice

Back 50

99

Front 51

Uranus is ___billion miles from Earth and has a ___year summer and ___year winter

Back 51

1.6, 42, 42

Front 52

The outer most planet

Back 52

Neptune

Front 53

Has the highest known probability of impacting earth

Back 53

1950 DA

Front 54

are the remnants of planetesimals that failed to accrete into a full-sized
planet, due to the gravitational
influence of Jupiter and other massive objects.

Back 54

asteroids

Front 55

Asteroid belt is located

Back 55

in between Mars and Jupiter

Front 56

First and largest asteroid

Back 56

Ceres

Front 57

We are afraid of

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apollo asteroids

Front 58

Comets can be found

Back 58

in the Kuiper Belt

Front 59

is a celestial body orbiting the Sun that is massive enough to be
rounded by its own gravity but which has not cleared its
neighboring region of planetesimals and is not a satellite.

Back 59

Dwarf planets

Front 60

outermost of our solar system, composed of billions of comets

Back 60

oort cloud

Front 61

When near the Sun, the radiation
from the Sun evaporates some of
the ices which forms a ____ that
surrounds the _____.

Back 61

coma, nucleus

Front 62

of an element or compound is a transition from the solid to gas phase with no
intermediate liquid stage.

Back 62

sublimation

Front 63

The _____ tail follows the comet in its orbit.
The ___ tail is pushed straight behind the comet by the solar
wind.

Back 63

dust, ion
*blue ion tail points toward opp. of the sun

Front 64

are grains of dust and small “rocks” that fall through
the atmosphere and glow due to the heat of air resistance as
they fall.
(burn up in the atmosphere)

Back 64

meteors

Front 65

are the remains that reach the Earth’s surface.

Back 65

meterorites

Front 66

On average, ___ tons of mass is added to the earth each day

Back 66

300

Front 67

Earth’s orbit sometimes takes it through the debris of a
comet (tail), resulting in a

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meteor shower

Front 68

Impact producing the _______ 65 million
years ago may have caused major climate change,
leading to the extinction of many species, including
dinosaurs.

Back 68

Chicxulub crater

Front 69

4H----> _____ fusion.
=hydrostatic equilibrium=?

Back 69

He, main sequence 90% of it's life

Front 70

Most photons enter the
radiative zone as ____, and they leave as _______.

Back 70

gamma rays, visible photons

Front 71

Sun is a ____ star

Back 71

G2V

Front 72

Stars are sorted by ______ called ______

Back 72

temperature, Spectral Classes

Front 73

order of temperatures

Back 73

OBAFGKM
O=hot, blue/white
M= cooler, red

Front 74

Where does fusion happen

Back 74

core

Front 75

Suns atmosphere

Back 75

Corona
Chromosphere
Photosphere 5800K

Front 76

What does ozone protect us from

Back 76

UV rays

Front 77

The max. mass a star can have is ___ mass of the sun

Back 77

150

Front 78

The min. mass a star can have is ____ mass of the sun

Back 78

.05

Front 79

More mass of a star means

Back 79

more power/luminosity

Front 80

What do stars spend most their lives doing?

Back 80

fusing H--->He

Front 81

Nearest star to the sun is

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Proxima Centuari

Front 82

A place of infinite density

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singularity

Front 83

Number of stars in our galaxy

Back 83

400 billion

Front 84

the milky way galaxy is a ____ galaxy of stars

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barred-spiral

Front 85

I takes _____ years to our solar system to complete one orbit

Back 85

226 million

Front 86

up to a few thousand stars, stars not gravitationally bound

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open cluster

Front 87

other clusters have up to a million stars gravitational bound, little or no dust, and no blue giant star

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globular clusters

Front 88

What we observe when we look at spectra from galaxies is the farther away a galaxy is from us, the bigger the red shift of the spectra from that galaxy. The farther away the galaxy is, the faster it is receding

Back 88

Hubble's Law
-this means the universe is expanding

Front 89

Temperature of the universe

Back 89

2.73 Kelvin

Front 90

we can go back as far as The Plank Era

Back 90

gravity broke off at 10 ^-43 seconds

Front 91

What is the most importatnt reason for Earth's need of the ozone layer?

Back 91

shields earth from harmful solar ultraviolet radiation

Front 92

If the Earth's axis were less tilted than it is today, the difference between the average temperatures of winter and summer would

Back 92

decrease

Front 93

Which of the following can be formed from previously existing rocks?

Back 93

all of these
-igneous, sedimentary, metamorphic

Front 94

The chief source of atmospheric heat is

Back 94

IR radiation from the Earth itself

Front 95

Which of the following weather hazards results in the highest number of deaths on average in the US

Back 95

heat

Front 96

The Earth's magnetic field is believed to be produced by molten metal circulating in Earth's

Back 96

outer core

Front 97

The planet with the longest year

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Neptune

Front 98

The solar system is approximately

Back 98

5 billion years old

Front 99

The Oort cloud is composed of

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comets

Front 100

The heavy elements in the earth were formed by

Back 100

supernova explosions

Front 101

What is the source of energy that is radiated from the sun?

Back 101

nuclear fusion

Front 102

Which of the following is not a stage a star such as our sun will undergo?

Back 102

black hole

Front 103

The planet with the shortest year is

Back 103

Mercury

Front 104

A small body from space that falls on the surface of earth is

Back 104

meterorite

Front 105

The planet with the most satellites is

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Jupiter

Front 106

The planet that consists of the most compressed gases is

Back 106

Jupiter

Front 107

The sun is composed mostly of

Back 107

hydrogen

Front 108

The two planets of the solar system that do not have satellites (moons) are

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Mercury and Venus

Front 109

The great red spot is at atmospheric disturbance on

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Jupiter

Front 110

After our sun burns it's supply of hydrogen, it will become

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a red giant

Front 111

Galaxies

Back 111

come in a variety of shapes

Front 112

The planets shine because they

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reflect sunlight

Front 113

When a solar eclipse occurs, the moon must be

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new

Front 114

The moon has lots of

Back 114

craters

Front 115

When a lunar eclipse occurs, the moon must be

Back 115

full

Front 116

Double stars are valuable to astronomers because they permit the determination of stellar

Back 116

masses

Front 117

The most distant galaxies are receding at speeds that are

Back 117

not far from the speed of light

Front 118

The temperatures of stars can be determined by

Back 118

color

Front 119

Present evidence suggests that the proportion of unseen dark matter in the universe is

Back 119

more than 90%

Front 120

The color of a relatively cool star is

Back 120

blue

Front 121

The planet that appears the brightest is

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Venus

Front 122

The least dense planet is

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Saturn

Front 123

At the end of its period in the main sequence, a star whose mass is near that of the sun

Back 123

expands in to a red giant

Front 124

The number of sunspots

Back 124

increases and decreases in an 11 year cycle

Front 125

The interior of the moon is probably

Back 125

solid

Front 126

The surface temp. of the sun is probably

Back 126

5800K