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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Carats
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Gemstone mass, 0.2 grams.
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Metals
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Elements on the left side of the dividing line on the periodic table.
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Non-Metals
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Elements on the right side of the dividing line on the periodic table.
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Metalloids
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Elements touching the dividing line on the periodic table.
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Ionic Bonds
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Atoms are bound by the attraction of opposite ions. Between metal and non-metal.
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Covalent Bonds
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Atoms are bonded by the sharing of electrons. Between non-metals.
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Van der Waals Forces
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Molecular bonds.
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Color
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The color of the rock.
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Luster
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Shininess
Glassy -> Earthy for non-metals Metallic -> Earthy for metals |
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Crystal Shapes
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Hexagonal. Isometric(Cubic). Tetragonal. Orthorhombic. Monoclinic. Triclinic.
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Streak
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The color of the rock when rubbed off on a plate/something else.
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Cleavage
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Tendency to split along a plane. If there are shiny faces then the rock has cleavage.
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Fracture
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"Ugly" split. Not on a plane.
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Hardness Scale
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Talc(1) -> Gypsum(2) -> Calcite(3) -> Flourite(4) -> Apatite(5) -> Feldspar(6) -> Quartz(7) -> Topaz(8) -> Corundum(9) -> Diamond(10)
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Specific Gravity
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The ratio of the density of an object to the density of water. SG = D(Object) / D(Water)
It has no units. |
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The acid test.
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If a mineral/rock has calcite in it then acid will dissolve it.
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Magnetic
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Attracts/Repels other magnetic objects.
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Flourescence
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When it absorbs a photon it emits another one with longer wavelength. Absorbed photon is normally ultraviolet and the emitted on is visible.
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Phosphorescent
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Continues to emit light for a while after it is in light. Glow-in-the-dark.
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Radioactive
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Horray. It's radioactive.
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Double Refraction
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Birefringence, or double refraction, is the decomposition of a ray of light into two rays (the ordinary ray and the extraordinary ray) when it passes through certain types of material, such as calcite crystals, depending on the polarization of the light.
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