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63 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is photosynthesis
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converting solar energy into chemical energy
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what is a oxidation reduction reaction
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transferring of electrons from one molecule to the next
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exergonic reaction
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when energy is released
(cellular respiration) |
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endergonic reaction
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energy is absorbed( photosynthesis)
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coenzymes
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electron taxis, transfer energy of electrons from one molecule to another
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Adenosine Triphosphate
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ATP- temporary energy storage in the body
1- Structure- - Adeninde- nitrogen - Sugar - 3 phosphates stored in bonds between phosphate groups |
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Chemiosomsis
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proton pumped across a membrane low to high....when gradient breaks protons rush down the concentration gradient and across ATP synthase, providing energy for the addition of a phosphate group make ADP become APT
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photosynthesis chemical equation
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6CO2+ 6H2O+ sunlight--> 6C6H12O6 + 6O2
carbon dioxide + water+ sunlight with the presence of enzymes and chlorophyl yields glucose + oxygen |
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choloroplast
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where photosynthesis occurs
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thylakoids
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green membrane sacks
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stroma
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liquid matrix that fills the thylakoids like cytoplasm fills the cell
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granum
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stacks of thyalkoids
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chlorophyll A
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main pigment
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chlorophyll B
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secondary pigment reflects green
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carationoids
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accessory/ antenna pigments (not green) orange, red, yellow, brown( FALL)
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function of pigment in photosynthesis?
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collect energy
photon- a unit of light energy |
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how are pigments arranged
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in groups called photosystems in the thylakoid membrane
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light reaction
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occurs in the thylakoid membranes
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photosystem 2
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solar energy from the sun is absorbed by chlorophyll A
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what happens when the sun is absorbed in light reaction
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the electrons get super excited and leave and go to a higher energy level
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what happens when the excited electrons go to a higher energy level in a light reaction in photosystem 2
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The electrons leave chlorophyll A and are passed along an electron transport chain which provides energy to pump protons into the thylakoid for chemiosmosis
The excited electrons also provide energy for the splitting of a water molecule( Hill reaction) |
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what is
2H2O--> 4H + 4e+ O2 mean |
it means that water was split by the excited electrons and gas is released as a product
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what happens when to the electrons lost in phosotsytem 2
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they are replaced by electrons in water
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what happens to the protons released in the splitting of water in photosystem 2
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they are used for chemiosmosis
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photosystem 1
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solar energy absorbed by chlorophyll
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what happens in photosystem 1?
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excited electrons enter an electron transport chain, where they then join with a proton and picked up by NADP and then formed into NADPH
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how are electrons replaced in phosotystem 1
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by photosystem 2
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products of light reactions
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NADPH and ATP....used in calvin cycle
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what happens when the excited electrons go to a higher energy level in a light reaction
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The electrons leave chlorophyll A and are passed along an electron transport chain which provides energy to pump protons into the thylakoid for chemiosmosis
The excited electrons also provide energy for the splitting of a water molecule( Hill reaction) |
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what is
2H2O--> 4H + 4e+ O2 mean |
it means that water was split by the excited electrons and gas is released as a product
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what happens when to the electrons lost in phosotsytem 2
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they are replaced by electrons in water
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what happens to the protons released in the splitting of water in photosystem 2
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they are used for chemiosmosis
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photosystem 1
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solar energy absorbed by chlorophyll
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what happens in photosystem 1?
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excited electrons enter an electron transport chain, where they then join with a proton and picked up by NADP and then formed into NADPH
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how are electrons replaced in phosotystem 1
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by photosystem 2
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products of light reactions
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NADPH and ATP....used in calvin cycle
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what happens to the carbon that diffuses into the stoma
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its is picked up by 5 other carbon called RUBP by action of enzyme called RUBISCO and is then split into 2 3-carbon comopund
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what is it called when ATP and NADPH and these 3- carbon compounds form glucose
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carbon fixation
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another name for calvin cycle?
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dark reaction
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why cant all 6 molecules be released into glucose?
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5 must be remade into RUBP
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alternate pathways live where?
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in hot or dry areas
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how do alternate pathway plants conserve water?
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they close their stoma for the hottest part of the day
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why can a plant closing their stoma be a bad thing?
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CO2 cant get in and O2 cant get out causing enzymes to change shape and stop photosynthesis
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what are the differences in C3, C4, and CAM
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entail products of calvin cycle
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how long will intensity in photosynthesis increase?
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as long as light energy increase so will the rate of photosynthesis, until reaches 99 degrease F then photosynthesis will stop
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what happens to the carbon that diffuses into the stoma
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its is picked up by 5 other carbon called RUBP by action of enzyme called RUBISCO and is then split into 2 3-carbon comopund
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what is it called when ATP and NADPH and these 3- carbon compounds form glucose
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carbon fixation
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another name for calvin cycle?
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dark reaction
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why cant all 6 molecules be released into glucose?
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5 must be remade into RUBP
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alternate pathways live where?
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in hot or dry areas
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how do alternate pathway plants conserve water?
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they close their stoma for the hottest part of the day
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why can a plant closing their stoma be a bad thing?
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CO2 cant get in and O2 cant get out causing enzymes to change shape and stop photosynthesis
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what are the differences in C3, C4, and CAM
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entail products of calvin cycle
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how long will intensity in photosynthesis increase?
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as long as light energy increase so will the rate of photosynthesis, until reaches 99 degrease F then photosynthesis will stop
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what happens to the carbon that diffuses into the stoma
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its is picked up by 5 other carbon called RUBP by action of enzyme called RUBISCO and is then split into 2 3-carbon comopund
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what is it called when ATP and NADPH and these 3- carbon compounds form glucose
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carbon fixation
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another name for calvin cycle?
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dark reaction
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why cant all 6 molecules be released into glucose?
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5 must be remade into RUBP
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alternate pathways live where?
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in hot or dry areas
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how do alternate pathway plants conserve water?
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they close their stoma for the hottest part of the day
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why can a plant closing their stoma be a bad thing?
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CO2 cant get in and O2 cant get out causing enzymes to change shape and stop photosynthesis
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what are the differences in C3, C4, and CAM
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entail products of calvin cycle
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how long will intensity in photosynthesis increase?
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as long as light energy increase so will the rate of photosynthesis, until reaches 99 degrease F then photosynthesis will stop
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