Photosynthesis

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Autotroph

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any organism that can make its own food

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Heterotroph

Back 2

an organism that obtains its food from other living things

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biochemical pathway

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a series of reactions in which the products of one reaction is consumed in the next reaction Reactants-----PRODUCTS-----REACTANTS

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photosynthesis

Back 4

the process by which autotrophs capture the energy in light and store it within organic compounds (sugars)`

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chloroplast

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plant cell organelle where photosynthesis takes place

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granum

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a stack of thylakoids within a chloroplast.

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stroma

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gel like fluid surrounding the thylakoids

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pigment

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a chemical compound that can absorb wavelengths of light

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visible spectrum

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ROY.G.BIV

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chlorophyll

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a green pigment within a chloroplast that absorbs most wavelengths other than green

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photosystem

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clusters of chlorophyll molecules within a thylakoid membrane

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electron transport chain

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a series of molecules that transfers electrons from one molecule to the next in a series of redox reactions

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NADP+

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an electron carrier molecule carrries 2e- and a H+ from the light reactions to the dark reactions

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photolysis

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the splitting of a molecule of water that releases electrons and eventually produce O2 gas.

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chemiosmosis

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the movement of ions across a selectively permeable membrane, down their concentration gradient. this movement harnesses an energy that will be used to form ATP.

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ATP synthase

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a channel protein embedded in the thylakoid membrane that harnesses the kinetic energy from the movement of protons H+ across the concentration gradient with the use of facilitated diffusion

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Carbon fixation

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the process of assembling a molecule of glucose from carbon dioxide

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Stoma

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the opening on the under side of a leaf that allows for the exchange of gases (O2 and CO2) and the evaporation of water

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light reactions

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first set of reactions in photosynthesis that uses sunlight and water to make ATP, NADPH, and O2 gas, occurs on the thylakoid within a chloroplast

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dark reactions

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second set of reactions in photosynthesis that uses the energy stored in ATP and NADPH along with CO2 to assemble molecules of sugar (glucose), ADP, and NADP+

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photophosphorylation

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when ADP binds with an enzyme in the ATP synthase forming ATP