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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is ATP?
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Adenosine triphosphate, a chief energy storing molecule used by organisms
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What are autotrophs?
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Organisms that make their own food from carbon dioxide and an energy source (such as sunlight)
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What is a calorie?
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the amount of heat energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius
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What is the Calvin cycle?
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the process that uses NADPH and ATP to construct carbohydrates from carbon dioxide, second stage of photosynthesis
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What is cellular respiration?
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the process by which food molecules are broken down to release energy
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What is chlorophyll?
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an important group of photosynthetic pigments in plants and algea
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What are chloroplasts?
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an organelle common in plants and algae that converts sunlight, carbon dioxide and water into sugars during photosynthesis, contains chlorophyll
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What is electron transport?
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the process by which energy is transferred from the electron carriers to ATP
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What is fermentation?
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the extraction of a small amount of energy from pyruvate in the absence of oxygen, transformed into either alcohol or lactate
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What is glycolysis?
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the process converting glucose to pyruvate, releases energy that can be stored as ATP
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What are heterotrophs?
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organisms that cannot make their own food
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What is the Krebs cycle?
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a series of oxidation reactions that break down pyruvate, second phase of aerobic respiration
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What is photosynthesis?
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the process by which autotrophs convert sun into energy
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What is a pigment?
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a molecule that absorbs certain wavelengths of light and reflects/transmits other wavelengths
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What does glyco- or gluco- mean?
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sweet, sugar
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What does photo- or photic- mean?
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light
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What does phyllo- or phyll- mean?
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leaf
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What does -phyto or -phyte mean?
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plant
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