Phonetics Chapter 3

Front 1

i

Back 1

High-Front
beat

Front 2

I

Back 2

High/Mid-Front
bit

Front 3

e

Back 3

Mid-Front
bait

Front 4

ᗴ

Back 4

Mid/Low-Front
bet

Front 5

æ

Back 5

Low-Front
bat

Front 6

ə

Back 6

Mid-Central
sofa
(unaccented)
most common vowel in English

Front 7

ʌ

Back 7

Mid/Low-Central
but
(accented)

Front 8

aw

Back 8

Dipthong
Low-Central
cow

Front 9

ay

Back 9

Dipthong
Low-Central
buy

Front 10

ɔy

Back 10

Dipthong
Mid/Low-Back
boy

Front 11

u

Back 11

High-Back
boot

Front 12

ʊ

Back 12

High/Mid-Back
foot

Front 13

o

Back 13

Mid-Back
boat

Front 14

ɔ

Back 14

Mid/Low-Back
long

Front 15

ɑ

Back 15

Low-Back
pot

Front 16

p

Back 16

voiceless bilabial stop
pill

Front 17

b

Back 17

voiced bilabial stop
bill

Front 18

t

Back 18

voicless alveolar stop
tip

Front 19

d

Back 19

voiced alveolar stop
dip

Front 20

k

Back 20

voiceless velar stop
kill

Front 21

g

Back 21

voiced velar stop
gill

Front 22

f

Back 22

voiceless labial-dental fricative
fill

Front 23

v

Back 23

voiced labial-dental fricative
villa

Front 24

θ

Back 24

Theta/Thorn
voiceless interdental fricative
thin

Front 25

ð

Back 25

Eth
voiced interdental fricative
then

Front 26

s

Back 26

voiceless alveolar fricative
silly

Front 27

z

Back 27

voiced alveolar fricative
zoo

Front 28

ʃ š

Back 28

voiceless alveopalatal fricative
shell

Front 29

ʒ ž

Back 29

voiced alveopalatal fricative
measure

Front 30

tʃ č

Back 30

voiceless alveopalatal affricate

Front 31

dɛ ǰ

Back 31

voiced alveopalatal affricate
jelly

Front 32

m

Back 32

voiced bilabial nasal
mill

Front 33

n

Back 33

voiced alveolar nasal
nill

Front 34

ŋ

Back 34

voiced velar nasal
singer

Front 35

h

Back 35

voiceless glottal fricative
hill

Front 36

j y

Back 36

voiced palatal approximant
yes

Front 37

r ɹ

Back 37

voiced alveolar liquid approximant
rent

Front 38

l

Back 38

voiced alveolar liquid approximant
lily

Front 39

w

Back 39

voiced labial-velar approximant
will

Front 40

ʔ

Back 40

voiceless glottal stop

Front 41

7 stops

Back 41

p, b, t, d, k, g, ʔ

Front 42

9 fricatives

Back 42

f, v, s, z, g, θ, ð, š(ʃ), ž(ʒ)

Front 43

2 affricates

Back 43

č, ǰ

Front 44

3 nasals

Back 44

m, n, ŋ

Front 45

4 approximants (2 liquids)

Back 45

w, y,
l, r = liquid

Front 46

Phonetics

Back 46

study of the sounds made in the production of human language

Front 47

IPA

Back 47

International Phonetic Alphabet

Front 48

Parts of Upper Vocal Tract

Back 48

lip, teeth, alveolar ridge, hard palate, soft palate (velum), uvula, pharnyx wall, larynx, nasal cavity

Front 49

Parts of Lower Vocal Tract

Back 49

Lip, Tounge (tip, blade, front, center, back, root), epiglotis, larynx

Front 50

What's a Fricative

Back 50

characterized by a forcing of air in a continuous stream through a narrow opening

Front 51

What's a Stop

Back 51

formed when air is built up in the vocal tract and suddenly released through the mouth

Front 52

What's an Affricative

Back 52

air is built up by a complete closure of the oral tract at some place of articulation, then released (like a stop), and continued (like a fricative)

Front 53

What's an Obstruent

Back 53

any Stop, Fricative, or Affricate

Front 54

What's an Approximant

Back 54

produced by two articulators approaching one another almost like fricatives, but not coming close enough to produce friction

Front 55

What's a Nasal

Back 55

produced by lowering the velum, allowing the stream of air to pass out through the nasal cavity instead of through the oral cavity

Front 56

What's a Dipthong

Back 56

vowel sound for which the tongue starts in one place in the mouth and glides to another