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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What 2 categories is "suprapharyngeal" in "speech production" broken into? |
1 articulator 2 respiratory |
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Laryngeal in Speech Production can also be referred to as _______ |
Phonatory |
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What are the 5 speech production systems we were taught in class? |
1 auditory 2 respiratory 3 phonatory 4 articulator 5 resonatory |
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Primary and secondary functions of the respiratory system? What percentage of breating is given for each? |
1 breathing. At rest, 50/50 2 speech production 10/90 |
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What are the main 3 components of the respiratory system? |
1 thoracic cavity2 diaphragm3 abdominal cavity |
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What is the thoracic cavity housed by? (3 things) |
Sternum, rib cage (12 ribs) and the spinal chord/vertebrae |
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Function of the diaphragm |
It completely separates the upper and lower trunk chambers (thoracic and abdominal cavities) |
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Describe what pleura is and what it sticks to |
It's like double sided tape. Sticks to lungs and thoracic cavity |
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Lung expansion= diaphragm ______ and rib cage size _______ |
Down Increases |
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At rest: Alveolar pressure and atmospheric pressure are _______ |
Equal |
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The increase in thoracic dimensions and lungs results in _______ pressure |
Negative |
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What is the consequence when the air pressure in lungs is less than air pressure in env't? |
Outside air rushes in until air pressure is equal |
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A decrease in thoracic dimensions and lungs results in ________ alveolar pressure |
Positive |
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Inhalation: Air rushing into lungs is controlled by ______ intecostal muscles |
External |
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During exhalation, diaphragm relaxes and moves _______ (which direction)? |
Upward |
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Exhalation: controlled by _____ muscles |
Internal intecostal |
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Subglottal |
Area below the vocal chords |
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Subglottal pressure |
Used for speech. More subglottal air = vocal folds are pushed farther away from midline = louder (quite = the opposit. Requires less air) |
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What structure is nicknamed the "gate keeper?" |
Vocal folds and surrounding Laryngeap structures |
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What are the 9 cartilage? |
1 thyroid. 1 epiglottis 1 cricoid. 2 arytenoid. 2 corniculate 2 cuneiform |
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What are the 2 muscle groups? |
Extrinsic and intrinsic |
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What is the primary and secondary function of the vocal folds? |
1 To protect the airway 2 provide source of sound for speech |
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What is vocal fold vibraton? |
Opening and closing of the vocal folds resulting in sound production |
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Define abducted, and when does this occur? |
Open; during respiration and voiceless speech sounds |
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Define adducted, and when does this occur? |
Closed vocal folds; voiced speech productions |
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Fundamental frequency |
average number of glottal openings per second |
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Resonatory system: important cavities within the vocal tract (4) |
Oral Nasal Pharynx Articulators |
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3 sections the Pharynx is divided into |
Nasopharynx, oropharynx and laryngopharynx |
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Location of laryngopharynx |
Oropharynx to the entrance of the esophagus |
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Location of oropharynx |
Soft palate to the hyoid bone |
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Location of nasopharynx |
Upper portion of nasal cavity to the soft palate |
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Location of the oral resonatory system: |
Lips to the soft palate |
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Velopharyngeal port closure process |
Velum rises; posterior and lateral sides of pharyngeal wall move forward to seal closure |
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What is phonotation? |
Vibration of vocal folds along with vocal sound |
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What is articulation? |
The joining together of speech organs for the production of phonemes |
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Velopharyngeal port is important for these 4 reasons |
1 swallowing 2 speech 3 non/nasal sounds 4 timbre |
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Tip of the tongue is called ______ and behind the tip is ______ |
Apex; blade |
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6 articulator structures |
Lips, tongue, teeth, madible, alveolar ridge, velum, hard palate and uvula |
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The upper lip is supported by _________ |
The maxilla (stationary) |
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________ of the tongue attaches to the mandible |
Root |