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346 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Coagulation tubes have which color stopper?
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light blue
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Hematology tubes have which color stopper?
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purple/lavender
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Serum tubes have which color stopper?
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red/speckled
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A health care-acquired infections are called?
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Nosocomial infections
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A inherited condition that is caused by the body's inability to metabolize phenylalanine (protein) is called:
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PKU
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A lavender stoppered evacuated tube must be redrawn because of clots in the tube. What collection error causes this?
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insufficient mixing of additive with specimen
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A patient has undergone a left radical mastectomy. What site can not be used for venipuncture until the patient's physician is consulted?
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left arm
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A patient suffers a transfusion reaction. What may this condition cause in the patient's specimen?
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hemolysis
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A phlebotmist is to collect a specimen for an APTT and prothrombin time from a patient. According to the NCCLS guidelines, what tube stopper color should the phlebotomist collect FIRST?
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red
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A phlebotomist enters a patient's room at 5:30 am, but the patient is asleep. The phlebotomist should:
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gently wake the patient and proceed
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A phlebotomist is about to collect a blood specimen from a patient in ICU, but the patient is unconscious. The phlebotomist should:
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proceed as though the patient were conscious
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After performing a routine venipuncture, the phlebotomist noticed that the blood in the evacuated tube was bright cherry red. What vessel did the phlebotomist puncture?
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artery
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After puncturing a finger during a skin puncture procedure, what is the next step?
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Wipe away the first drop with gauze.
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Agranulocytes that function in antibody production are called:
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lymphocytes
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An evacuated tube contains clot activator and serum separator gel. What color is the Hemogard TM closure?
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gold
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An example of a specimen that requires protection from light is:
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Billirubin, beta-carotene and porphyrins.
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Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) requires which of the following blood collection tubes for proper test results?
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purple
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At least how long should a warmer be applied to a skin puncture site prior to making a skin puncture?
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3 minutes
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Before starting a bleeding time test, the phlebotomist should:
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ask the patient if he or she has taken any medications
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Bleeding time is used to access what?
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platelet function, blood vessel integrity
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Bleeding time procedures are usually ordered:
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presurgically
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Blood collection for neonatal screening to detect metabolic and genetic abnormalities usually occurs:
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by collecting from the lateral plantar surface of the heel.
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Blood enters the right side of the heart from what blood vessel?
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superior vena cava
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Blood enters the left side of the heart from what blood vessel?
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pulmonary vein
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Blood exits the heart from the left ventricle through what valve?
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aortic
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Blood exits the heart from the right atrium through what valve?
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tricuspid valve
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Blood from a routine venipuncture should have what color?
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dark red
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Circulating blood cells normally include which of the following:
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RBCs, WBCs, platelets.
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Deoxygenated blood is found in which blood vessels?
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veins
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Describe what a phlebotomist should do when using a winged infusion (butterfly) system to collect blood for a single coagulation test?
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The phlebotomist should collect at least one other tube prior to collecting a sodium citrate tube.
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Drawing blood through a hematoma may cause what to a patient's specimen?
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hemolysis
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During a venipuncture procedure, patients are often asked to "make a fist." When should the fist be released?
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after the blood begins to flow
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During a venipuncture procedure, why is it important to "anchor the vein" prior to inserting a needle?
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to keep the vein from moving around
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During an Ivy Bleeding Time procedure, the blood pressure cuff should be positioned:
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above the antecubital crease
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During routine venipuncture, the attempt was unsuccessful. What should the phlebotomist do FIRST to end the procedure?
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untie the tourniquet
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During routine venipuncture, how should the needle be positioned, relative to the vein selected?
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same direction
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During routine venipuncture, the needle should be inserted at what angles relative to the patient's arm:
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15 to 30 degrees
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During routine venipuncture, the needle should be inserted bevel....:
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up
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During the Ivy Bleeding Time procedure, the blood pressure cuff should be inflated to:
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40 mm Hg
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During the Ivy Bleeding Time procedure, the phlebotomist should start the stopwatch:
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simultaneously with the incision
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During venipuncture, a phlebotomist moves the tube gently up and down in the holder, moving the contents back and forth. What may this cause?
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Reflux
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During venipuncture, the phlebotomist inserts the needle next to the patient's vein, on the left side of the patient's vein. No blood appears in the evacuated tube. The phlebotomist should?
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pull back and reinsert the needle to the right
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During venipuncture, the tourniquet, should be left on a patient's arm no longer than:
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1 minute
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Fibrin degradation products are the end result of the:
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fibrinolytic pathway
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Following venipuncture by syringe, blood must be aliquoted into the following evacuated tubes: red, sky blue, green. In what order should the evacuated tubes be filled:
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sky blue, red speckled/gold, green
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For a phlebotomist's hand decontamination, what is an effective alternative to hand-washing with soap and water?
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commercially available alcohol-based hand rubs
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For infants, the penetration depth of a lancet in a heelstick must be less than / or not exceed:
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2.0 mm
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Granulocuytes that function in fighting bacterial infections are called:
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neutrophilic segmented cells
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Hand hygiene is extremely important in blood collection procedures and requires the antiseptic cleaning action of:
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70% isopropyl alcohol
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Health care workers who use needles are at a higher risk of what type of injuries:
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needle stick injuries.
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Heel warmers should heat within what temperature ranges?
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39 to 42 degrees C
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Hemoconcentration of the specimen may be caused by:
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prolong tourniquet application, vigorous hand pumping
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How many steps are involved in proper patient identification?
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2 steps
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How much can blood flow to a skin puncture site be increased if a warmer is applied prior to skin puncture?
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7 times
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How often should gloves be changed?
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after every patient encounter
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How soon after collection and centrifugation should serum or plasma be removed from cells?
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no longer than 2 hours
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Ideally for blood specimens, when should serum be removed from the cells?
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as soon as possible and not longer than 2 hours
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If a patient bleeds excessively after a needle puncture and the blood is bright red, what is the most likely cause?
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an artery was punctured.
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If a patient develops a hematoma during a venipuncture procedure, what should the phlebotomist do?
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Remove the needle immediately and apply pressure.
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If a patient is not in his or her room, how should the phlebotomist locate the patient?
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ask at the nurse's station
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If a patient's wristband matches the requisition entirely except for the medical record number, the phlebotomist should:
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contact the nurse's station
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If a person is lying on their back, what position is this?
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supine (laying on their spine)
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If a person is standing erect, with palms facing forward, he or she is in what position?
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anatomic
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If a phlebotomist notes that the arm selected for venipuncture is edematous, he or she should:
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select another site
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If a phlebotomist palpates a vein and determines that it is sclerosed, the phlebotomist should:
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draw below the sclerosed area
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If a physician wishes to assess / screen a patient's platelet function, what test will provide the physician with the most reliable / sensible results?
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bleeding time
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If a skin puncture site is warmed prior to blood collection, the specimen is said to be:
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arterialized
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If a specimen is hemolyzed, what color is the serum?
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pink
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If an evacuated tube contains heparin and plasma separator gel, what color is the Hemogard TM closure?
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light green
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If blood has been spilled, what action should occur by the phlebotomist?
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Keep the 1:10 bleach solution in contact with the contaminated area for a minimum of 20 minutes.
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If patient's family is in the patient's room when the phlebotomist enters, the phlebotomist should:
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ask the family to step outside the room
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Most point-of-care for glucose testing procedures require:
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skin puncture blood.
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A phlebotomist collecting blood, suffered a needle puncture wound when a HIV-positive teenager became violent and hit him. The hospital must report this incident to the:
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CDC.
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Normal blood used for laboratory testing has which of the following cellular elements?
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erythrocytes, leukocytes, thrombocytes
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Oxygenated blood is found in which blood vessels?
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arteries
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Patient identification should always include:
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two identifiers
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Phlebotomists are accountable for their work practices. What does this mean?
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Phlebotomists should do what is right even when no one is looking.
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Plasma is the fluid portion of the blood, when it filters into the tissues, decreasing the fluid portion of the blood in the blood vessels, this condition is called:
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hemoconcentration
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Positioning a patient's arm downward prior to venipuncture will help prevent:
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reflux
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Pressure applied to an arterial puncture site for at least 5 minutes following the procedure:
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hematoma
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Prior to making a puncture during a blood collection procedure, antiseptic solutions should be applied to the site selected:
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in concentric circles, beginning at the puncture site
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Select the correct "order of draw" for tubes with color-coded closures if collecting for the following tests: blood cultures, PT and PTT, cell counts, and cholesterol.
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yellow, light blue, red, lavender
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Shaking an evacuated tube containing an additive too forcefully to mix the contents may cause what in a patient's specimen?
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hemolysis
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Skin punctures performed on a patients' fingers should be made:
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perpendicular to the finger prints
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Small, nonraised reddish-purple bruises/spots the size of a pinpoint on a patient's skin are called:
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petechiae
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Specimens for home glucose monitoring are routinely collected by:
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skin puncture
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Swelling caused by an abnormal accumulation of fluid is called?
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edema
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The body system that mechanically and chemically breaks down food into nutrients that can be absorbed and used by the body's cells is the:
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digestive system
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The body system that provides communication in the body by the means of electrical impulses and chemical substances is the:
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nervous system
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The cellular elements of the blood responsible for the transport of oxygen to the tissues are called:
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erythrocytes
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The cellular elements of the blood that function in coagulation are called:
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thrombocyte
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The cellular elements of the blood that function in fighting infection are called
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leukocytes
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The clear, colorless fluid that functions in protecting and nourishing the brain and spinal cord is called:
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CSF
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The closed system that is composed of a needle, a holder, and a tube containing a premeasured amount of vacuum is the:
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evacuated blood collection system- ETS
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The condition characterized by dizziness, weakness, pallor, clammy skin, sweaty and unconsciousness is called:
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syncope
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The condition where a healthy body through constant changes and functioning remains the same:
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homeostasis
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The directional term that means above, higher, or toward the head is:
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superior
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The directional term that means farthest from the center of the body, point of attachment, or origin is:
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distal
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The directional term that means higher or toward the head is:
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cranial
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The directional term that means lower or away from the head is:
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caudal
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The following Microtainers were to be collected following skin puncture: lavender, pink, red SST. In what order should the microtainers be collected?
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lavender, pink, red SST
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The following test were to be collected from a patient following skin puncture: platelet count, bilirubin, T3. What order should these tests be collected?
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platelet count, bilirubin, T3
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The four-chambered, muscular organ that pumps blood through the circulatory system is the:
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heart
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The glandular system that secretes hormones directly into the bloodstream is the:
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endocrine system
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The internal space of a needle is the needle's:
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lumen
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The last step to occur when leaving the patient in an isolation room after blood collection is to:
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wash hands.
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The liberation of hemoglobin into the plasma following destruction of red blood cells is called:
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hemolysis
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The phlebotomist inspects the antecubital fossa of a patient and notes that a purple area surrounds the venipuncture site, accompanied by swelling, is called:
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hematoma
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The presence of bacteria and their toxins in the bloodstream is called:
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septicemia
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The process by which body cells use energy to make complex substances from simpler ones is called:
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anabolism
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The process by which complex substances in food are broken down into simple substances while releasing energy is:
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catabolism
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The process by which the body stops the leakage of blood from the vascular system is called:
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hemostasis
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The purpose of collecting blood for the GTT is to test the patient's:
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insulin-releasing mechanism.
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The rational for the order of draw for a syringes is to minimize:
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clotting in anticoagulant tubes
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The rational for the sequence of multiple specimen collection following venipuncture is to prevent:
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contamination
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The standard for measuring the diameter of the lumen of a needle is the needle:
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gauge
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The term for the sum of all chemical reactions necessary to sustain life is:
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metabolism
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The term that means "without air" is:
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anaerobic
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To collect blood for the ionized calcium procedure, what blood collection tube is needed for proper test results?
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green-topped tube
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To examine by touch or feel is to:
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palpate
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To prepare a puncture site prior to routine venipuncture, the phlebotomist would use:
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70% isopropyl alcohol
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To prevent skin and mucous membrane exposure when contact with a patient's blood is anticipated, the following should be worn:
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PPE.
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Under universal precautions, what PPE must the phlebotomist use for every blood collection procedure?
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gloves
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Using a needle that is too small to accommodate the force of the vacuum of an evacuated tube may cause what in a patient's specimen?
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hemolysis
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Veins that are hardened are:
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sclerosed
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What action may result in a QNS skin puncture specimen?
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insufficient puncture
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What additive in evacuated tubes binds calcium?
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sodium citrate
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What additive in evacuated tubes neutralizes thrombin?
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sodium heparin
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What additive in evacuated tubes promotes clotting?
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thrombin
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What additive is found in an evacuated tube with a gray conventional stopper which is used for glycolytic inhibitor?
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sodium fluoride
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What additive is found in an evacuated tube with a green conventional stopper and used to neutralizes thrombin?
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sodium heparin
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What additive is found in an evacuated tube with a yellow conventional stopper and used to inhibits complement?
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SPS
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What additive is found in lavender stoppered evacuated tubes?
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EDTA
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What are the needle lengths most commonly used for adult venipuncture?
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1 and 1-1/2 inch needles
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What are the three components of coagulation?
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blood vessels, coagulation factors, platelets
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What blood collection techniques requires sterile technique to prepare a venipuncture site?
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blood culture
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What blood constituents will increase as the oxygen content of the air decreases?
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red blood cell count
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What blood vessels characteristics is helpful to a phlebotomist, when palpating for a suitable site for the arterial puncture?
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pulse
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What blood vessels has the thickest vessel wall?
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arteries
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What body cavity are located in the front of the body?
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abdominal
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What body cavity houses the brain is the:
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cranial cavity
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What body cavity houses the heart and lungs is the:
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thoracic cavity
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What body cavity houses the stomach, liver, pancreas, gallbladder, and spleen is the:
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abdominal cavity
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What body cavity is located in the back of the body?
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cranial
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What body cavity that houses the urinary bladder and the reproductive organs is the:
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pelvic cavity
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What collection procedure will yield a specimen composed of arterial, venous, and capillary blood?
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skin puncture
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What concern is important when collecting specimens for blood culture analysis?
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using sterile technique to prepare the site
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What condition, caused by a hematoma surrounding a venipuncture site, may lead to erroneous results?
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hemostasis
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What constituents is present in higher concentrations in blood collected by skin puncture than in blood collected by venipuncture?
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glucose
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What conventional stopper colors corresponds to the evacuated tube suitable for blood culture specimen collection?
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yellow
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What could cause hemolysis of a specimen obtained by skin puncture?
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residual alcohol left on the site, excessive squeezing of the puncture site to secure specimen
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What criterion does a phlebotomist use when selecting needle gauge prior to venipuncture procedure?
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the lumen size of the patient's vein
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What equipment does the phlebotomist need for site preparation prior to skin puncture?
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heel warmer, alcohol, sterile gauze
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What 3 pieces of equipment are used for a routine venipuncture?
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needle, evacuated tube, holder
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What equipment would a phlebotomist carry on his or her tray for a skin puncture procedure?
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lancet, Microtainer TM, gauze
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What evacuated tube additive acts as a glycolytic inhibitor?
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sodium fluoride
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What evacuated tube additive preserves labile coagulation factors?
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sodium citrate
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What evacuated tube additive prevents platelets from clumping?
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EDTA
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What evacuated tube additives inhibits complement?
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SPS
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What evacuated tube conventional stopper color indicates the tube contains silica particles to facilitate blood clotting?
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red SST
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What evacuated tube conventional stopper color should be used when collecting specimens for analysis that require both a patient's cells and serum?
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red
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What evacuated tube stopper is manufactured with the lowest verified levels of trace elements available?
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royal blue
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What heart structure contains deoxygenated blood?
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right atrium
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What heart structure contains oxygenated blood?
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aorta
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What heart structure is included in the pulmonary circuit?
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pulmonary artery
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What heart structures is a part of the systemic circuit?
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aorta
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What infection control equipment should the phlebotomist use when performing a skin puncture procedure?
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sharps, bio-hazard bag, gown, gloves
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What is a likely complication if a phlebotomist draws blood from the palm-side of the patient's wrist?
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nerve damage
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What is found in plasma, but not in serum?
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fibrinogen
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What is NOT an acceptable phlebotomy practice, when it comes to needles?
|
recapping contaminated needles
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What is the additive found in a red stoppered evacuated tube?
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none
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What is the best site to select for skin puncture on an infant's foot?
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lateral portion of the planter surface of the heel
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What is the best way to end all phlebotomy encounters?
|
By saying "thank you" to the patient.
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What is the cause of sclerosed veins?
|
numerous venipuncture
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What is the correct sequence of steps in the beginning of a routine venipuncture procedure?
|
apply tourniquet, palpate site, release tourniquet
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What is the correct sequence of steps during a routine venipuncture procedure?
|
release vein, engage tube, release tourniquet
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What is the correct sequence of the steps in a routine venipuncture procedure?
|
uncap the needle, anchor the vein, insert the needle
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What is the first step in proper patient identification?
|
the patient is asked to state his or her name
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What is the fluid portion of a blood specimen called after the specimen has been collected into an anticoagulant?
|
plasma
|
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What is the maximum number of times an infant's heel may be punctured to collect blood specimen?
|
2 times
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What is the most important step in patient identification?
|
comparing the medical record number on the requisition with the patient's wristband
|
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What is the rationale for the order of draw for the collection of multiple specimens following skin puncture?
|
minimize platelet clumping
|
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What laboratory profession has the greatest public relations responsibility for the laboratory?
|
phlebotomist
|
|
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What location is most appropriate for a skin puncture?
|
the middle finger
|
|
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What medication will interfere with the bleeding time test results?
|
aspirin, salicylic acid
|
|
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What method of blood collection is preferred for infants?
|
skin puncture
|
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What needle gauges are used most often to perform routine venipuncture?
|
21 and 22
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What needle has the largest interior diameter?
|
smallest number, 18
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What needle has the smallest interior diameter
|
largest number, 23
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What personnel has priority with the patient?
|
physician talking to a patient or a clergyman administering Communion
|
|
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What portion of the capillary circulation is increased when a warmer is applied to a skin puncture site?
|
arterial
|
|
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What response may some patients have at the sight of their blood being drawn?
|
syncope
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|
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What site do you select for skin puncture, using a patient's finger?
|
distal phalanx of the ring finger
|
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What skin puncture specimen is most likely to be adversely affected by excessive squeezing of the site?
|
bilirubin test from a 12 hour old neonate
|
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What step in the venipuncture procedure must the phlebotomist exercise extra care in performing when collecting blood by venipuncture from a hand vein?
|
anchoring the vein
|
|
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What structure is located on inferior to the transverse plane?
|
uterus
|
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|
What structure is located on the posterior side of the frontal plane?
|
spinal cord
|
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What structures is located in the medial anterior aspect of the antecubital fossa?
|
brachial artery
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What structures is located in the leg?
|
femoral artery
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What test is most commonly performed on skin puncture samples?
|
PKU
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What test may require an extra step in patient identification?
|
type and crossmatch
|
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What test procedure cannot be performed on specimens collected by skin puncture?
|
blood cultures, ESR, APTT
|
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What test requires a patient to fast prior to collection of the blood specimen?
|
glucose tolerance test
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|
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What test would be most affected by lack of proper patient preparation?
|
type and crossmatch
|
|
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What time of day is best for blood collection among hospitalized patients?
|
early morning prior to breakfast
|
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What two steps should a phlebotomist do immediately after a needle is withdrawn from a patient?
|
Hold gauze over the site and activate the needle safety device.
|
|
|
What type of urine specimen is needed to detect an infection?
|
clean catch midstream
|
|
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What types of venipuncture system should be used if a patient has very small veins (pediatric or geriatric)?
|
winged infusion
|
|
|
What values are higher in newborns than in adults?
|
red cell count
|
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Which of the following types of health care-acquired infections are most prevalent?
|
urinary tract infections
|
|
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Which vessels carry blood that is highest in oxygen?
|
arteries
|
|
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Which vessels carry blood that is lowest in oxygen?
|
veins
|
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While performing a venipuncture with a syringe, a phlebotmist notices blood frothing between the hub of the needle and the syringe. As a result, the specimen may be:
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hemolyzed
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Why is it important to acquire a fasting specimen for venipuncture?
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most reference ranges are based on fasting specimens
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Why is skin puncture preferred over venipuncture for infants for the collection of blood specimens?
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prevents anemia
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Why is the "order of draw" important in phlebotomy procedures?
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to minimize additive carryover
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Why is the fifth finger of a patient's hand routinely eliminated as a potential site for skin puncture?
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the tissue is thinner than other fingers
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Why is the index finger of a patient's hand routinely eliminated as a potential site for skin puncture?
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it has an increased number of nerve endings
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The type and use of PPE is overseen by:
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OSHA
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If a physician orders laboratory tests for dx, and the patient comes to the lab with a rolled up sleeve, he is giving:
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informed consent
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The legal concept that refers to the voluntary permission by a patient to allow touching, examination, and/or treatment by a health care provider is:
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informed consent
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The use of electronic transfer of patient information is now regulated by federal Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
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HIPAA
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A phlebotomist provides CPR at an accident scene based on:
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implied consent
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Phlebo means
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vein
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The zone of comfort refers to:
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personal space
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Standard of Care is set by:
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JCAHO
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What molecule transports oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood?
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hemoglobin
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Which body system is composed of neurons, brain, and spinal cord?
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nervous system
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Gall bladder and appendix is part of what body system?
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digestive system
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These are ductless glands that release their secretions (hormones) directly into the blood steam.
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endocrine glands
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It provides rapid transport of water, nutrients, electrolytes, hormones, enzymes, antibodies, cells, and gases to all cells of the body.
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cardiovascular system
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Which federal agency requires the use of PPE?
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OSHA
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Health care institutions need to report accidental bloodborne exposure to:
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CDC
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Provides barrier protection when handling biohazard substances
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PPE
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Voluntary permission by a patient for health care is:
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informed consent
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Moral standards of behavior
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ethics
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What is measured by JCAHO?
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Standard of Care
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Federal regulation to ensure quality of laboratory testing is:
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CLIA
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Where gas exchange in the lungs take place?
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alveoli
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Outer layer of the skin is the:
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epidermis
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Blood cells are produced by:
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bone marrow
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Serum is blood that:
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does not contain anticoagulants
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The fluid portion of plasma's color is:
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Straw-yellow
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Veins are what type of vessels?
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Afferent vessels that carry blood toward the heart
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Plasma is made up of 90% of:
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Water
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What is urea and uric acid?
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metabolic waste products
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What is Systole?
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contraction of the heart
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What is Diastole?
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relaxation of the heart
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The atrioventricular valves function to prevent:
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backward blood flow through the heart- Reflux
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A differential count refers to:
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enumeration of specific types of WBC's
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How fast does the average adult heart beat?
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60 to 80 times
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Which arteries provide blood to the heart?
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coronary
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When blood exits the right ventricle, it travels to:
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Lungs
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What is the process of dissolution of blood clot and regeneration of the blood vessel?
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fibrinolysis
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An anticoagulant used to prevent blood from clotting:
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heparin
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Hardening of the arteries due to build up of cholesterol and/or calcium deposits:
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arteriosclerosis
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A blood test that separates blood cells from plasma by centrifuging the blood sample:
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hematocrit
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What is the layer of erythrocytes and platelets in an anti-coagulated specimen?
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buffy coat
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What is the longest vein in the body?
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Great saphenous vein
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An individual with type O blood is what type of donor:
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Universal Donor
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Maintenance and retention of circulating blood in the vascular system:
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hemostasis
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What is the fluid portion of unclotted blood?
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Plasma
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A health-care-acquired infections occurs when a/the:
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chain of infection is complete
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What is Hepatitis B virus and human immuno deficiency virus?
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bloodborne pathogens
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What are pathogenic microorganisms that are present in human blood called?
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bloodborne pathogens
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What federal agency is responsible for monitoring morbidity and mortality through out the country?
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Center for Disease Control and Prevention
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What means sterile, free from all living microorganisms?
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Aseptic
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What is usually to corrosive to use on human skin?
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disinfectants
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What does BBP stand for?
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bloodborne pathogens
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What is the abbreviation for Occupational Safety and Health Administration?
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OSHA
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What is the abbreviation for Joint Commission Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations?
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JCAHO
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What is hand-washing and following standard precautions?
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aseptic technique
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What are inanimate objects that can cause an infection?
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fomites (anything you can touch)
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Who oversees the federal investigation of communicable diseases?
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JCAHO
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What does pathogen mean?
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causing disease
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What are health care-acquired infections called?
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nosocomial
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What type of protective isolation is used for patients with combined immunodeficiencies?
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reverse isolation
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What reduces the risk of transmission of herpes simplex?
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contact precautions
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Which is a common antiseptic? Ethyl alcohol or formaldehyde:
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ethyl alcohol
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What chemical compound is used to remove or kill pathogenic microorganisms?
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disinfectants
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What precautions are used for patients known to have serious illnesses transmitted by large particle droplets?
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airborne pathogens
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What is a disinfectant used in health care?
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chlorophenol
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What is a common antiseptic?
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ethyl alcohol
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Which of the following organizations regulates the disposal of waste?
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EPA, OSHA
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This type of fire extinguisher include foam, dry chemicals and CO2
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BC
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What is the abbreviation for the Environmental Protection Agency?
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EPA
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What fire extinguisher is used for multipurpose and combat all types of fires?
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ABC
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What is done to a shock victim's legs when giving first aid?
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elevation
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What colors are required for labeling sharps containers?
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red or orange
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When you elevate a limb that is bleeding it will?
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decrease bleeding
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What is added to acid in a chemical safety measure?
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Water
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What is used at 95% stength to cleanse the specimen collection area?
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ethyl alcohol
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Who originated the Right to Know law?
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OSHA
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Quality control records for reagents and supplies include information about:
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expiration dates and stability information
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Why is rapid transportation of blood specimens important?
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Glycolytic action in the blood does not occur
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What specimen needs to be warmed to the body temperature?
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cold agglutinin titers
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When mailing specimens, all outer packaging should be marked as:
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infectious substances
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How are errors corrected?
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Never erase them, rather cross them out and corrected according to policy
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What is a light sensitive blood constituent that must be protect from light but not chilled:
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bilirubin
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What is oxygen and carbon dioxide?
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blood gases
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When lab results indicate a life-threatening state:
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critical values
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What is the break down of glucose?
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glycolytic action
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Chromosome analysis requires whole blood collected in what color of tube top:
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green
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SPS additive in a yellow tube top is:
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Sodium polyanetholesulfonate
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Which additives prevent coagulation of blood by removing calcium through the formation of insoluble calcium salts?
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EDTA, sodium citrate, potassium oxalate
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Additives that remove calcium to prevent coagulation:
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EDTA, sodium citrate, potassium oxalate
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Lead, nickle blood levels are collected in what tube stopper color:
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blue
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Blood collection vaccum tubes may contain silicon to:
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decrease the possibility of hemolysis,
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What requires plasma to be collected in a purple-topped vacuum tube and transported in an ice-water slurry?
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renin activity
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Why are needles color coded?
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To indicate guage size
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What is used frequently as the anticoagulant for blood studies and what color is the tube top?
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sodium citrate, blue top
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What has the highest percentage of needle stick injuries?
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butterfly needles
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What color tube top contains sodium fluoride?
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gray
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Disposable narrow-bore pipettes used for pediatric blood collections and/or micro hemacrit measures:
|
capillary tubes
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Indicates the diameter of the needle
|
gauage number
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What anticoagulant prevents blood clotting by inactivating thrombin and thromboplasts?
|
heparin
|
|
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What is ACD?
|
acid-citrate-dextrose
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|
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What is the blood-clotting chemical in the body?
|
thrombin
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|
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What inhibits the growth of microorganisms?
|
antiseptics
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|
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How long should alcohol be allowed to dry for before a venipuncture procedure?
|
30-60 seconds
|
|
|
What is the preferred position to have the patient in when drawing blood?
|
supine/reclining position/lying down
|
|
|
What is TDM?
|
therapeutic drug monitoring collection
|
|
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What is HBV?
|
Hepatitis B virus
|
|
|
What is HCV?
|
Hepatitis C virus
|
|
|
When an increased concentration of large molecules of blood such as cells and proteins, this is called:
|
hemoconcentration
|
|
|
What is HIV?
|
Human immunodeficiency virus
|
|
|
When alcohol is not dried before a skin puncture it causes:
|
prevents a round drop from forming, causes hemolysis of blood cells and causes erroneous results for some lab tests
|
|
|
Point of Care Testing often uses what type of samples?
|
Capillary samples
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|
|
Which way is preferable for a finger puncture/cut to be done on the fingerprint :
|
across the ridges
|
|
|
What is the skin puncture depth appropriate for an adult?
|
2-3 mm
|
|
|
Skin puncture blood that contains a mixture of blood from venules, arterioles, and tissue fluid:
|
Capillary blood
|
|
|
Early morning, 12 hrs after eating last meal is called what state:
|
Basal State
|
|
|
Length of Glucose fasting is:
|
8-12 hrs
|
|
|
Testorone and Cortisol hormone and the blood concentration is not affected by:
|
eating
|
|
|
Variations in the body's functions that occur during daylight hours or every 24 hrs:
|
diurnal variations
|
|
|
Last stage in the hemostatic process, where a blood clot begins to dissolve or break up:
|
fibrinolysis
|
|
|
The optimal depth of a finger stick in a child is:
|
2.0 mm
|
|
|
What vein in the hand is used for infant venipuncture?
|
dorsal vein at 15 degrees
|
|
|
What is less stressful for an infant and health care provider other than a skin puncture?
|
dorsal vein venipuncture
|
|
|
Specific guidelines for performing a heel stick includes the following:
|
Allow the foot to hang lower than the torso
|
|
|
When drawing an infants blood you must:
|
document the amount of blood drawn
|
|
|
Microcapillary sampling by skin puncture includes:
|
puncture-resistant sharps container
|
|
|
Polycythemia is treated by
|
therapeutic phlebotomy
|
|
|
You must avoid what during a glucose test:
|
chewing gum
|
|
|
Postprandial is
|
after eating
|
|
|
Represented by 95 % of test values
|
standard deviation
|
