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346 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Coagulation tubes have which color stopper?
|
light blue
|
|
Hematology tubes have which color stopper?
|
purple/lavender
|
|
Serum tubes have which color stopper?
|
red/speckled
|
|
A health care-acquired infections are called?
|
Nosocomial infections
|
|
A inherited condition that is caused by the body's inability to metabolize phenylalanine (protein) is called:
|
PKU
|
|
A lavender stoppered evacuated tube must be redrawn because of clots in the tube. What collection error causes this?
|
insufficient mixing of additive with specimen
|
|
A patient has undergone a left radical mastectomy. What site can not be used for venipuncture until the patient's physician is consulted?
|
left arm
|
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A patient suffers a transfusion reaction. What may this condition cause in the patient's specimen?
|
hemolysis
|
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A phlebotmist is to collect a specimen for an APTT and prothrombin time from a patient. According to the NCCLS guidelines, what tube stopper color should the phlebotomist collect FIRST?
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red
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A phlebotomist enters a patient's room at 5:30 am, but the patient is asleep. The phlebotomist should:
|
gently wake the patient and proceed
|
|
A phlebotomist is about to collect a blood specimen from a patient in ICU, but the patient is unconscious. The phlebotomist should:
|
proceed as though the patient were conscious
|
|
After performing a routine venipuncture, the phlebotomist noticed that the blood in the evacuated tube was bright cherry red. What vessel did the phlebotomist puncture?
|
artery
|
|
After puncturing a finger during a skin puncture procedure, what is the next step?
|
Wipe away the first drop with gauze.
|
|
Agranulocytes that function in antibody production are called:
|
lymphocytes
|
|
An evacuated tube contains clot activator and serum separator gel. What color is the Hemogard TM closure?
|
gold
|
|
An example of a specimen that requires protection from light is:
|
Billirubin, beta-carotene and porphyrins.
|
|
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) requires which of the following blood collection tubes for proper test results?
|
purple
|
|
At least how long should a warmer be applied to a skin puncture site prior to making a skin puncture?
|
3 minutes
|
|
Before starting a bleeding time test, the phlebotomist should:
|
ask the patient if he or she has taken any medications
|
|
Bleeding time is used to access what?
|
platelet function, blood vessel integrity
|
|
Bleeding time procedures are usually ordered:
|
presurgically
|
|
Blood collection for neonatal screening to detect metabolic and genetic abnormalities usually occurs:
|
by collecting from the lateral plantar surface of the heel.
|
|
Blood enters the right side of the heart from what blood vessel?
|
superior vena cava
|
|
Blood enters the left side of the heart from what blood vessel?
|
pulmonary vein
|
|
Blood exits the heart from the left ventricle through what valve?
|
aortic
|
|
Blood exits the heart from the right atrium through what valve?
|
tricuspid valve
|
|
Blood from a routine venipuncture should have what color?
|
dark red
|
|
Circulating blood cells normally include which of the following:
|
RBCs, WBCs, platelets.
|
|
Deoxygenated blood is found in which blood vessels?
|
veins
|
|
Describe what a phlebotomist should do when using a winged infusion (butterfly) system to collect blood for a single coagulation test?
|
The phlebotomist should collect at least one other tube prior to collecting a sodium citrate tube.
|
|
Drawing blood through a hematoma may cause what to a patient's specimen?
|
hemolysis
|
|
During a venipuncture procedure, patients are often asked to "make a fist." When should the fist be released?
|
after the blood begins to flow
|
|
During a venipuncture procedure, why is it important to "anchor the vein" prior to inserting a needle?
|
to keep the vein from moving around
|
|
During an Ivy Bleeding Time procedure, the blood pressure cuff should be positioned:
|
above the antecubital crease
|
|
During routine venipuncture, the attempt was unsuccessful. What should the phlebotomist do FIRST to end the procedure?
|
untie the tourniquet
|
|
During routine venipuncture, how should the needle be positioned, relative to the vein selected?
|
same direction
|
|
During routine venipuncture, the needle should be inserted at what angles relative to the patient's arm:
|
15 to 30 degrees
|
|
During routine venipuncture, the needle should be inserted bevel....:
|
up
|
|
During the Ivy Bleeding Time procedure, the blood pressure cuff should be inflated to:
|
40 mm Hg
|
|
During the Ivy Bleeding Time procedure, the phlebotomist should start the stopwatch:
|
simultaneously with the incision
|
|
During venipuncture, a phlebotomist moves the tube gently up and down in the holder, moving the contents back and forth. What may this cause?
|
Reflux
|
|
During venipuncture, the phlebotomist inserts the needle next to the patient's vein, on the left side of the patient's vein. No blood appears in the evacuated tube. The phlebotomist should?
|
pull back and reinsert the needle to the right
|
|
During venipuncture, the tourniquet, should be left on a patient's arm no longer than:
|
1 minute
|
|
Fibrin degradation products are the end result of the:
|
fibrinolytic pathway
|
|
Following venipuncture by syringe, blood must be aliquoted into the following evacuated tubes: red, sky blue, green. In what order should the evacuated tubes be filled:
|
sky blue, red speckled/gold, green
|
|
For a phlebotomist's hand decontamination, what is an effective alternative to hand-washing with soap and water?
|
commercially available alcohol-based hand rubs
|
|
For infants, the penetration depth of a lancet in a heelstick must be less than / or not exceed:
|
2.0 mm
|
|
Granulocuytes that function in fighting bacterial infections are called:
|
neutrophilic segmented cells
|
|
Hand hygiene is extremely important in blood collection procedures and requires the antiseptic cleaning action of:
|
70% isopropyl alcohol
|
|
Health care workers who use needles are at a higher risk of what type of injuries:
|
needle stick injuries.
|
|
Heel warmers should heat within what temperature ranges?
|
39 to 42 degrees C
|
|
Hemoconcentration of the specimen may be caused by:
|
prolong tourniquet application, vigorous hand pumping
|
|
How many steps are involved in proper patient identification?
|
2 steps
|
|
How much can blood flow to a skin puncture site be increased if a warmer is applied prior to skin puncture?
|
7 times
|
|
How often should gloves be changed?
|
after every patient encounter
|
|
How soon after collection and centrifugation should serum or plasma be removed from cells?
|
no longer than 2 hours
|
|
Ideally for blood specimens, when should serum be removed from the cells?
|
as soon as possible and not longer than 2 hours
|
|
If a patient bleeds excessively after a needle puncture and the blood is bright red, what is the most likely cause?
|
an artery was punctured.
|
|
If a patient develops a hematoma during a venipuncture procedure, what should the phlebotomist do?
|
Remove the needle immediately and apply pressure.
|
|
If a patient is not in his or her room, how should the phlebotomist locate the patient?
|
ask at the nurse's station
|
|
If a patient's wristband matches the requisition entirely except for the medical record number, the phlebotomist should:
|
contact the nurse's station
|
|
If a person is lying on their back, what position is this?
|
supine (laying on their spine)
|
|
If a person is standing erect, with palms facing forward, he or she is in what position?
|
anatomic
|
|
If a phlebotomist notes that the arm selected for venipuncture is edematous, he or she should:
|
select another site
|
|
If a phlebotomist palpates a vein and determines that it is sclerosed, the phlebotomist should:
|
draw below the sclerosed area
|
|
If a physician wishes to assess / screen a patient's platelet function, what test will provide the physician with the most reliable / sensible results?
|
bleeding time
|
|
If a skin puncture site is warmed prior to blood collection, the specimen is said to be:
|
arterialized
|
|
If a specimen is hemolyzed, what color is the serum?
|
pink
|
|
If an evacuated tube contains heparin and plasma separator gel, what color is the Hemogard TM closure?
|
light green
|
|
If blood has been spilled, what action should occur by the phlebotomist?
|
Keep the 1:10 bleach solution in contact with the contaminated area for a minimum of 20 minutes.
|
|
If patient's family is in the patient's room when the phlebotomist enters, the phlebotomist should:
|
ask the family to step outside the room
|
|
Most point-of-care for glucose testing procedures require:
|
skin puncture blood.
|
|
A phlebotomist collecting blood, suffered a needle puncture wound when a HIV-positive teenager became violent and hit him. The hospital must report this incident to the:
|
CDC.
|
|
Normal blood used for laboratory testing has which of the following cellular elements?
|
erythrocytes, leukocytes, thrombocytes
|
|
Oxygenated blood is found in which blood vessels?
|
arteries
|
|
Patient identification should always include:
|
two identifiers
|
|
Phlebotomists are accountable for their work practices. What does this mean?
|
Phlebotomists should do what is right even when no one is looking.
|
|
Plasma is the fluid portion of the blood, when it filters into the tissues, decreasing the fluid portion of the blood in the blood vessels, this condition is called:
|
hemoconcentration
|
|
Positioning a patient's arm downward prior to venipuncture will help prevent:
|
reflux
|
|
Pressure applied to an arterial puncture site for at least 5 minutes following the procedure:
|
hematoma
|
|
Prior to making a puncture during a blood collection procedure, antiseptic solutions should be applied to the site selected:
|
in concentric circles, beginning at the puncture site
|
|
Select the correct "order of draw" for tubes with color-coded closures if collecting for the following tests: blood cultures, PT and PTT, cell counts, and cholesterol.
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yellow, light blue, red, lavender
|
|
Shaking an evacuated tube containing an additive too forcefully to mix the contents may cause what in a patient's specimen?
|
hemolysis
|
|
Skin punctures performed on a patients' fingers should be made:
|
perpendicular to the finger prints
|
|
Small, nonraised reddish-purple bruises/spots the size of a pinpoint on a patient's skin are called:
|
petechiae
|
|
Specimens for home glucose monitoring are routinely collected by:
|
skin puncture
|
|
Swelling caused by an abnormal accumulation of fluid is called?
|
edema
|
|
The body system that mechanically and chemically breaks down food into nutrients that can be absorbed and used by the body's cells is the:
|
digestive system
|
|
The body system that provides communication in the body by the means of electrical impulses and chemical substances is the:
|
nervous system
|
|
The cellular elements of the blood responsible for the transport of oxygen to the tissues are called:
|
erythrocytes
|
|
The cellular elements of the blood that function in coagulation are called:
|
thrombocyte
|
|
The cellular elements of the blood that function in fighting infection are called
|
leukocytes
|
|
The clear, colorless fluid that functions in protecting and nourishing the brain and spinal cord is called:
|
CSF
|
|
The closed system that is composed of a needle, a holder, and a tube containing a premeasured amount of vacuum is the:
|
evacuated blood collection system- ETS
|
|
The condition characterized by dizziness, weakness, pallor, clammy skin, sweaty and unconsciousness is called:
|
syncope
|
|
The condition where a healthy body through constant changes and functioning remains the same:
|
homeostasis
|
|
The directional term that means above, higher, or toward the head is:
|
superior
|
|
The directional term that means farthest from the center of the body, point of attachment, or origin is:
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distal
|
|
The directional term that means higher or toward the head is:
|
cranial
|
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The directional term that means lower or away from the head is:
|
caudal
|
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The following Microtainers were to be collected following skin puncture: lavender, pink, red SST. In what order should the microtainers be collected?
|
lavender, pink, red SST
|
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The following test were to be collected from a patient following skin puncture: platelet count, bilirubin, T3. What order should these tests be collected?
|
platelet count, bilirubin, T3
|
|
The four-chambered, muscular organ that pumps blood through the circulatory system is the:
|
heart
|
|
The glandular system that secretes hormones directly into the bloodstream is the:
|
endocrine system
|
|
The internal space of a needle is the needle's:
|
lumen
|
|
The last step to occur when leaving the patient in an isolation room after blood collection is to:
|
wash hands.
|
|
The liberation of hemoglobin into the plasma following destruction of red blood cells is called:
|
hemolysis
|
|
The phlebotomist inspects the antecubital fossa of a patient and notes that a purple area surrounds the venipuncture site, accompanied by swelling, is called:
|
hematoma
|
|
The presence of bacteria and their toxins in the bloodstream is called:
|
septicemia
|
|
The process by which body cells use energy to make complex substances from simpler ones is called:
|
anabolism
|
|
The process by which complex substances in food are broken down into simple substances while releasing energy is:
|
catabolism
|
|
The process by which the body stops the leakage of blood from the vascular system is called:
|
hemostasis
|
|
The purpose of collecting blood for the GTT is to test the patient's:
|
insulin-releasing mechanism.
|
|
The rational for the order of draw for a syringes is to minimize:
|
clotting in anticoagulant tubes
|
|
The rational for the sequence of multiple specimen collection following venipuncture is to prevent:
|
contamination
|
|
The standard for measuring the diameter of the lumen of a needle is the needle:
|
gauge
|
|
The term for the sum of all chemical reactions necessary to sustain life is:
|
metabolism
|
|
The term that means "without air" is:
|
anaerobic
|
|
To collect blood for the ionized calcium procedure, what blood collection tube is needed for proper test results?
|
green-topped tube
|
|
To examine by touch or feel is to:
|
palpate
|
|
To prepare a puncture site prior to routine venipuncture, the phlebotomist would use:
|
70% isopropyl alcohol
|
|
To prevent skin and mucous membrane exposure when contact with a patient's blood is anticipated, the following should be worn:
|
PPE.
|
|
Under universal precautions, what PPE must the phlebotomist use for every blood collection procedure?
|
gloves
|
|
Using a needle that is too small to accommodate the force of the vacuum of an evacuated tube may cause what in a patient's specimen?
|
hemolysis
|
|
Veins that are hardened are:
|
sclerosed
|
|
What action may result in a QNS skin puncture specimen?
|
insufficient puncture
|
|
What additive in evacuated tubes binds calcium?
|
sodium citrate
|
|
What additive in evacuated tubes neutralizes thrombin?
|
sodium heparin
|
|
What additive in evacuated tubes promotes clotting?
|
thrombin
|
|
What additive is found in an evacuated tube with a gray conventional stopper which is used for glycolytic inhibitor?
|
sodium fluoride
|
|
What additive is found in an evacuated tube with a green conventional stopper and used to neutralizes thrombin?
|
sodium heparin
|
|
What additive is found in an evacuated tube with a yellow conventional stopper and used to inhibits complement?
|
SPS
|
|
What additive is found in lavender stoppered evacuated tubes?
|
EDTA
|
|
What are the needle lengths most commonly used for adult venipuncture?
|
1 and 1-1/2 inch needles
|
|
What are the three components of coagulation?
|
blood vessels, coagulation factors, platelets
|
|
What blood collection techniques requires sterile technique to prepare a venipuncture site?
|
blood culture
|
|
What blood constituents will increase as the oxygen content of the air decreases?
|
red blood cell count
|
|
What blood vessels characteristics is helpful to a phlebotomist, when palpating for a suitable site for the arterial puncture?
|
pulse
|
|
What blood vessels has the thickest vessel wall?
|
arteries
|
|
What body cavity are located in the front of the body?
|
abdominal
|
|
What body cavity houses the brain is the:
|
cranial cavity
|
|
What body cavity houses the heart and lungs is the:
|
thoracic cavity
|
|
What body cavity houses the stomach, liver, pancreas, gallbladder, and spleen is the:
|
abdominal cavity
|
|
What body cavity is located in the back of the body?
|
cranial
|
|
What body cavity that houses the urinary bladder and the reproductive organs is the:
|
pelvic cavity
|
|
What collection procedure will yield a specimen composed of arterial, venous, and capillary blood?
|
skin puncture
|
|
What concern is important when collecting specimens for blood culture analysis?
|
using sterile technique to prepare the site
|
|
What condition, caused by a hematoma surrounding a venipuncture site, may lead to erroneous results?
|
hemostasis
|
|
What constituents is present in higher concentrations in blood collected by skin puncture than in blood collected by venipuncture?
|
glucose
|
|
What conventional stopper colors corresponds to the evacuated tube suitable for blood culture specimen collection?
|
yellow
|
|
What could cause hemolysis of a specimen obtained by skin puncture?
|
residual alcohol left on the site, excessive squeezing of the puncture site to secure specimen
|
|
What criterion does a phlebotomist use when selecting needle gauge prior to venipuncture procedure?
|
the lumen size of the patient's vein
|
|
What equipment does the phlebotomist need for site preparation prior to skin puncture?
|
heel warmer, alcohol, sterile gauze
|
|
What 3 pieces of equipment are used for a routine venipuncture?
|
needle, evacuated tube, holder
|
|
What equipment would a phlebotomist carry on his or her tray for a skin puncture procedure?
|
lancet, Microtainer TM, gauze
|
|
What evacuated tube additive acts as a glycolytic inhibitor?
|
sodium fluoride
|
|
What evacuated tube additive preserves labile coagulation factors?
|
sodium citrate
|
|
What evacuated tube additive prevents platelets from clumping?
|
EDTA
|
|
What evacuated tube additives inhibits complement?
|
SPS
|
|
What evacuated tube conventional stopper color indicates the tube contains silica particles to facilitate blood clotting?
|
red SST
|
|
What evacuated tube conventional stopper color should be used when collecting specimens for analysis that require both a patient's cells and serum?
|
red
|
|
What evacuated tube stopper is manufactured with the lowest verified levels of trace elements available?
|
royal blue
|
|
What heart structure contains deoxygenated blood?
|
right atrium
|
|
What heart structure contains oxygenated blood?
|
aorta
|
|
What heart structure is included in the pulmonary circuit?
|
pulmonary artery
|
|
What heart structures is a part of the systemic circuit?
|
aorta
|
|
What infection control equipment should the phlebotomist use when performing a skin puncture procedure?
|
sharps, bio-hazard bag, gown, gloves
|
|
What is a likely complication if a phlebotomist draws blood from the palm-side of the patient's wrist?
|
nerve damage
|
|
What is found in plasma, but not in serum?
|
fibrinogen
|
|
What is NOT an acceptable phlebotomy practice, when it comes to needles?
|
recapping contaminated needles
|
|
What is the additive found in a red stoppered evacuated tube?
|
none
|
|
What is the best site to select for skin puncture on an infant's foot?
|
lateral portion of the planter surface of the heel
|
|
What is the best way to end all phlebotomy encounters?
|
By saying "thank you" to the patient.
|
|
What is the cause of sclerosed veins?
|
numerous venipuncture
|
|
What is the correct sequence of steps in the beginning of a routine venipuncture procedure?
|
apply tourniquet, palpate site, release tourniquet
|
|
What is the correct sequence of steps during a routine venipuncture procedure?
|
release vein, engage tube, release tourniquet
|
|
What is the correct sequence of the steps in a routine venipuncture procedure?
|
uncap the needle, anchor the vein, insert the needle
|
|
What is the first step in proper patient identification?
|
the patient is asked to state his or her name
|
|
What is the fluid portion of a blood specimen called after the specimen has been collected into an anticoagulant?
|
plasma
|
|
What is the maximum number of times an infant's heel may be punctured to collect blood specimen?
|
2 times
|
|
What is the most important step in patient identification?
|
comparing the medical record number on the requisition with the patient's wristband
|
|
What is the rationale for the order of draw for the collection of multiple specimens following skin puncture?
|
minimize platelet clumping
|
|
What laboratory profession has the greatest public relations responsibility for the laboratory?
|
phlebotomist
|
|
What location is most appropriate for a skin puncture?
|
the middle finger
|
|
What medication will interfere with the bleeding time test results?
|
aspirin, salicylic acid
|
|
What method of blood collection is preferred for infants?
|
skin puncture
|
|
What needle gauges are used most often to perform routine venipuncture?
|
21 and 22
|
|
What needle has the largest interior diameter?
|
smallest number, 18
|
|
What needle has the smallest interior diameter
|
largest number, 23
|
|
What personnel has priority with the patient?
|
physician talking to a patient or a clergyman administering Communion
|
|
What portion of the capillary circulation is increased when a warmer is applied to a skin puncture site?
|
arterial
|
|
What response may some patients have at the sight of their blood being drawn?
|
syncope
|
|
What site do you select for skin puncture, using a patient's finger?
|
distal phalanx of the ring finger
|
|
What skin puncture specimen is most likely to be adversely affected by excessive squeezing of the site?
|
bilirubin test from a 12 hour old neonate
|
|
What step in the venipuncture procedure must the phlebotomist exercise extra care in performing when collecting blood by venipuncture from a hand vein?
|
anchoring the vein
|
|
What structure is located on inferior to the transverse plane?
|
uterus
|
|
What structure is located on the posterior side of the frontal plane?
|
spinal cord
|
|
What structures is located in the medial anterior aspect of the antecubital fossa?
|
brachial artery
|
|
What structures is located in the leg?
|
femoral artery
|
|
What test is most commonly performed on skin puncture samples?
|
PKU
|
|
What test may require an extra step in patient identification?
|
type and crossmatch
|
|
What test procedure cannot be performed on specimens collected by skin puncture?
|
blood cultures, ESR, APTT
|
|
What test requires a patient to fast prior to collection of the blood specimen?
|
glucose tolerance test
|
|
What test would be most affected by lack of proper patient preparation?
|
type and crossmatch
|
|
What time of day is best for blood collection among hospitalized patients?
|
early morning prior to breakfast
|
|
What two steps should a phlebotomist do immediately after a needle is withdrawn from a patient?
|
Hold gauze over the site and activate the needle safety device.
|
|
What type of urine specimen is needed to detect an infection?
|
clean catch midstream
|
|
What types of venipuncture system should be used if a patient has very small veins (pediatric or geriatric)?
|
winged infusion
|
|
What values are higher in newborns than in adults?
|
red cell count
|
|
Which of the following types of health care-acquired infections are most prevalent?
|
urinary tract infections
|
|
Which vessels carry blood that is highest in oxygen?
|
arteries
|
|
Which vessels carry blood that is lowest in oxygen?
|
veins
|
|
While performing a venipuncture with a syringe, a phlebotmist notices blood frothing between the hub of the needle and the syringe. As a result, the specimen may be:
|
hemolyzed
|
|
Why is it important to acquire a fasting specimen for venipuncture?
|
most reference ranges are based on fasting specimens
|
|
Why is skin puncture preferred over venipuncture for infants for the collection of blood specimens?
|
prevents anemia
|
|
Why is the "order of draw" important in phlebotomy procedures?
|
to minimize additive carryover
|
|
Why is the fifth finger of a patient's hand routinely eliminated as a potential site for skin puncture?
|
the tissue is thinner than other fingers
|
|
Why is the index finger of a patient's hand routinely eliminated as a potential site for skin puncture?
|
it has an increased number of nerve endings
|
|
The type and use of PPE is overseen by:
|
OSHA
|
|
If a physician orders laboratory tests for dx, and the patient comes to the lab with a rolled up sleeve, he is giving:
|
informed consent
|
|
The legal concept that refers to the voluntary permission by a patient to allow touching, examination, and/or treatment by a health care provider is:
|
informed consent
|
|
The use of electronic transfer of patient information is now regulated by federal Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
|
HIPAA
|
|
A phlebotomist provides CPR at an accident scene based on:
|
implied consent
|
|
Phlebo means
|
vein
|
|
The zone of comfort refers to:
|
personal space
|
|
Standard of Care is set by:
|
JCAHO
|
|
What molecule transports oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood?
|
hemoglobin
|
|
Which body system is composed of neurons, brain, and spinal cord?
|
nervous system
|
|
Gall bladder and appendix is part of what body system?
|
digestive system
|
|
These are ductless glands that release their secretions (hormones) directly into the blood steam.
|
endocrine glands
|
|
It provides rapid transport of water, nutrients, electrolytes, hormones, enzymes, antibodies, cells, and gases to all cells of the body.
|
cardiovascular system
|
|
Which federal agency requires the use of PPE?
|
OSHA
|
|
Health care institutions need to report accidental bloodborne exposure to:
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CDC
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Provides barrier protection when handling biohazard substances
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PPE
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Voluntary permission by a patient for health care is:
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informed consent
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Moral standards of behavior
|
ethics
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What is measured by JCAHO?
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Standard of Care
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|
Federal regulation to ensure quality of laboratory testing is:
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CLIA
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Where gas exchange in the lungs take place?
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alveoli
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|
Outer layer of the skin is the:
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epidermis
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Blood cells are produced by:
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bone marrow
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|
Serum is blood that:
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does not contain anticoagulants
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|
The fluid portion of plasma's color is:
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Straw-yellow
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|
Veins are what type of vessels?
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Afferent vessels that carry blood toward the heart
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|
Plasma is made up of 90% of:
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Water
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What is urea and uric acid?
|
metabolic waste products
|
|
What is Systole?
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contraction of the heart
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|
What is Diastole?
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relaxation of the heart
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|
The atrioventricular valves function to prevent:
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backward blood flow through the heart- Reflux
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|
A differential count refers to:
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enumeration of specific types of WBC's
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|
How fast does the average adult heart beat?
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60 to 80 times
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Which arteries provide blood to the heart?
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coronary
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When blood exits the right ventricle, it travels to:
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Lungs
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|
What is the process of dissolution of blood clot and regeneration of the blood vessel?
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fibrinolysis
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An anticoagulant used to prevent blood from clotting:
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heparin
|
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Hardening of the arteries due to build up of cholesterol and/or calcium deposits:
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arteriosclerosis
|
|
A blood test that separates blood cells from plasma by centrifuging the blood sample:
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hematocrit
|
|
What is the layer of erythrocytes and platelets in an anti-coagulated specimen?
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buffy coat
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|
What is the longest vein in the body?
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Great saphenous vein
|
|
An individual with type O blood is what type of donor:
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Universal Donor
|
|
Maintenance and retention of circulating blood in the vascular system:
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hemostasis
|
|
What is the fluid portion of unclotted blood?
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Plasma
|
|
A health-care-acquired infections occurs when a/the:
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chain of infection is complete
|
|
What is Hepatitis B virus and human immuno deficiency virus?
|
bloodborne pathogens
|
|
What are pathogenic microorganisms that are present in human blood called?
|
bloodborne pathogens
|
|
What federal agency is responsible for monitoring morbidity and mortality through out the country?
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Center for Disease Control and Prevention
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What means sterile, free from all living microorganisms?
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Aseptic
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What is usually to corrosive to use on human skin?
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disinfectants
|
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What does BBP stand for?
|
bloodborne pathogens
|
|
What is the abbreviation for Occupational Safety and Health Administration?
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OSHA
|
|
What is the abbreviation for Joint Commission Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations?
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JCAHO
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What is hand-washing and following standard precautions?
|
aseptic technique
|
|
What are inanimate objects that can cause an infection?
|
fomites (anything you can touch)
|
|
Who oversees the federal investigation of communicable diseases?
|
JCAHO
|
|
What does pathogen mean?
|
causing disease
|
|
What are health care-acquired infections called?
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nosocomial
|
|
What type of protective isolation is used for patients with combined immunodeficiencies?
|
reverse isolation
|
|
What reduces the risk of transmission of herpes simplex?
|
contact precautions
|
|
Which is a common antiseptic? Ethyl alcohol or formaldehyde:
|
ethyl alcohol
|
|
What chemical compound is used to remove or kill pathogenic microorganisms?
|
disinfectants
|
|
What precautions are used for patients known to have serious illnesses transmitted by large particle droplets?
|
airborne pathogens
|
|
What is a disinfectant used in health care?
|
chlorophenol
|
|
What is a common antiseptic?
|
ethyl alcohol
|
|
Which of the following organizations regulates the disposal of waste?
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EPA, OSHA
|
|
This type of fire extinguisher include foam, dry chemicals and CO2
|
BC
|
|
What is the abbreviation for the Environmental Protection Agency?
|
EPA
|
|
What fire extinguisher is used for multipurpose and combat all types of fires?
|
ABC
|
|
What is done to a shock victim's legs when giving first aid?
|
elevation
|
|
What colors are required for labeling sharps containers?
|
red or orange
|
|
When you elevate a limb that is bleeding it will?
|
decrease bleeding
|
|
What is added to acid in a chemical safety measure?
|
Water
|
|
What is used at 95% stength to cleanse the specimen collection area?
|
ethyl alcohol
|
|
Who originated the Right to Know law?
|
OSHA
|
|
Quality control records for reagents and supplies include information about:
|
expiration dates and stability information
|
|
Why is rapid transportation of blood specimens important?
|
Glycolytic action in the blood does not occur
|
|
What specimen needs to be warmed to the body temperature?
|
cold agglutinin titers
|
|
When mailing specimens, all outer packaging should be marked as:
|
infectious substances
|
|
How are errors corrected?
|
Never erase them, rather cross them out and corrected according to policy
|
|
What is a light sensitive blood constituent that must be protect from light but not chilled:
|
bilirubin
|
|
What is oxygen and carbon dioxide?
|
blood gases
|
|
When lab results indicate a life-threatening state:
|
critical values
|
|
What is the break down of glucose?
|
glycolytic action
|
|
Chromosome analysis requires whole blood collected in what color of tube top:
|
green
|
|
SPS additive in a yellow tube top is:
|
Sodium polyanetholesulfonate
|
|
Which additives prevent coagulation of blood by removing calcium through the formation of insoluble calcium salts?
|
EDTA, sodium citrate, potassium oxalate
|
|
Additives that remove calcium to prevent coagulation:
|
EDTA, sodium citrate, potassium oxalate
|
|
Lead, nickle blood levels are collected in what tube stopper color:
|
blue
|
|
Blood collection vaccum tubes may contain silicon to:
|
decrease the possibility of hemolysis,
|
|
What requires plasma to be collected in a purple-topped vacuum tube and transported in an ice-water slurry?
|
renin activity
|
|
Why are needles color coded?
|
To indicate guage size
|
|
What is used frequently as the anticoagulant for blood studies and what color is the tube top?
|
sodium citrate, blue top
|
|
What has the highest percentage of needle stick injuries?
|
butterfly needles
|
|
What color tube top contains sodium fluoride?
|
gray
|
|
Disposable narrow-bore pipettes used for pediatric blood collections and/or micro hemacrit measures:
|
capillary tubes
|
|
Indicates the diameter of the needle
|
gauage number
|
|
What anticoagulant prevents blood clotting by inactivating thrombin and thromboplasts?
|
heparin
|
|
What is ACD?
|
acid-citrate-dextrose
|
|
What is the blood-clotting chemical in the body?
|
thrombin
|
|
What inhibits the growth of microorganisms?
|
antiseptics
|
|
How long should alcohol be allowed to dry for before a venipuncture procedure?
|
30-60 seconds
|
|
What is the preferred position to have the patient in when drawing blood?
|
supine/reclining position/lying down
|
|
What is TDM?
|
therapeutic drug monitoring collection
|
|
What is HBV?
|
Hepatitis B virus
|
|
What is HCV?
|
Hepatitis C virus
|
|
When an increased concentration of large molecules of blood such as cells and proteins, this is called:
|
hemoconcentration
|
|
What is HIV?
|
Human immunodeficiency virus
|
|
When alcohol is not dried before a skin puncture it causes:
|
prevents a round drop from forming, causes hemolysis of blood cells and causes erroneous results for some lab tests
|
|
Point of Care Testing often uses what type of samples?
|
Capillary samples
|
|
Which way is preferable for a finger puncture/cut to be done on the fingerprint :
|
across the ridges
|
|
What is the skin puncture depth appropriate for an adult?
|
2-3 mm
|
|
Skin puncture blood that contains a mixture of blood from venules, arterioles, and tissue fluid:
|
Capillary blood
|
|
Early morning, 12 hrs after eating last meal is called what state:
|
Basal State
|
|
Length of Glucose fasting is:
|
8-12 hrs
|
|
Testorone and Cortisol hormone and the blood concentration is not affected by:
|
eating
|
|
Variations in the body's functions that occur during daylight hours or every 24 hrs:
|
diurnal variations
|
|
Last stage in the hemostatic process, where a blood clot begins to dissolve or break up:
|
fibrinolysis
|
|
The optimal depth of a finger stick in a child is:
|
2.0 mm
|
|
What vein in the hand is used for infant venipuncture?
|
dorsal vein at 15 degrees
|
|
What is less stressful for an infant and health care provider other than a skin puncture?
|
dorsal vein venipuncture
|
|
Specific guidelines for performing a heel stick includes the following:
|
Allow the foot to hang lower than the torso
|
|
When drawing an infants blood you must:
|
document the amount of blood drawn
|
|
Microcapillary sampling by skin puncture includes:
|
puncture-resistant sharps container
|
|
Polycythemia is treated by
|
therapeutic phlebotomy
|
|
You must avoid what during a glucose test:
|
chewing gum
|
|
Postprandial is
|
after eating
|
|
Represented by 95 % of test values
|
standard deviation
|