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54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
2 forms from Plato |
The beautiful and the forms |
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What form does Plato put these in? |
Triangle |
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What are those terms in the triangle? Starting from top to bottom |
The "Forms" (beauty) Understanding (proportion, color, "know how" Things (actual piece of art) Images (photograph OF art) |
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Beauty (according to Plato) |
Unity (simple or complex) Measure Proportion |
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How is proportion measured? (Plato) |
Golden Ratio (Aristotle) |
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How do we experience beauty ? (Plato) |
When we contemplate the object (of the form) |
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Examples of Beauty (Plato) |
Religious music, Religious statuary (Buddah) |
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Beauty can also be (Plato) |
Gay Spirited Comedy |
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Who said only 1 World, that these forms are embedded in nature ? |
St. Thomas Aquinas |
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Beauty (according to Aquinas) |
That which pleases when seen; calming of desire (subjective) |
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Aquinas, Cognitive; Objective in a things ? |
Perfection Harmony Clarity |
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Beauty to Taste (Aesthetics) |
Baumgarten's |
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What did Aesthetics mean to Baumgarten? |
Meant senses/cognition (from the Greek for perception) and this led to taste |
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Is Baumgartens theory subjective or objective ? |
Both Objective (Redness) Subjective (mental stated which all ppl share) related concepts (sublime, novelty, & picturesque) |
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What was beauty to Hutcheson? |
An idea in us that arises from an external body |
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Criteria for an object (Hutcheson) |
"Uniformity in variety" |
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Problem w/uniformity in variety |
Which causes pleasure in the mind of the subject Counterargument -can't count for simple beauty like red |
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Problem w/ Hutchesons Uniformity in Variety |
Selfish - because beauty is unmediated by thought like the taste of salt or sugar. |
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Is Hutchesons theory Passive or automatic? |
Both |
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Refutations of Hutchesons theory |
Physical defects (poor eyesight) Association of ideas (being in a bad mood when you hear a certain piece) |
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Burke |
Sublime vs. The beautiful |
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Internal sense |
Burke |
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Beauty equals ? (Burke) |
Love |
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What list does Burke use? |
Short list Ex. Smallness, smoothness, shiny |
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The sublime equals (Burke) |
Delight (relative pleasure or the abatement of pain) |
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Great size, obscure things, things that normally threaten but don't because we are secure (mountains, storms) |
Burke |
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How is Burke disinterested but not like Shaftsbury? |
You can have love and desire sometimes (sex) and love with no desire (no sex) |
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Hume is strictly ? |
Empirical |
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Hume has what kind of list ? |
Long |
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Hume says taste is a ? |
Subjective feeling but it is brought about by features that objectively in things. |
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Alison |
Association of ideas |
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An "emotion of taste" through? (Alison) |
Sensibility or imagination |
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Is alison disinterested ? |
Yes |
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The diagram that Alison uses (hypothetical syllogism) |
Some perception causes a simple emotion- a thought is produced in the imagination- this thought - another thought of imagination = delight |
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The objective world (art) is a sign of our mind ( natural beauty is Gods) |
Alison |
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Stand for Alison |
It is possible for anything to be beautiful through associations |
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CA for Alison (....beautiful through associations) |
Can a blind person still see beauty in color |
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Ref for Alison (...beautiful through associations) |
But can a blind person still make associations ? Yes but radically different |
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Another CA for Alison |
Critism destroys the emotion of taste |
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Another ref for Alison (critism destroys emotion of taste ) |
Criticism does not equal appreciation |
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Continental but still concerned with taste |
Kant |
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What is the first critique of Kant ? |
Pure Reason (metaphysics & epistemology) |
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What is the 2nd critique of Kant? |
Practical Reasons (ethics) |
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What is the 3rd technique of Kant ? |
Judgment (Aesthetics) Beauty in nature is the form of a purposive / teleological (designed) system |
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Kant didn't know about |
Evolution |
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What is Disinterestness? |
Desire for that thing to exist but indifference towards it Ex. Painting of fruit doesn't make you hungry by looking at it |
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What is Universality ? (Kant) |
If disinterested, then universal. Ordinary cognitive faculties operate in an unordinary way |
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What is necessity ? (Kant) |
Similar to universality, in all that, normally constituted ppl, function similarly. CA- not all ppl agree Ref they should |
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What is form of purpose ? ( kant) |
True purpose, but the form of a purpose - color, but form, because form is a priori. CA- captures things that are ugly as well ex. Birds CA- can't account for degrees of beauty CA - sometimes its all about color not form Refutation- but color always has some form (what its on) |
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What 3 are for the subject ? (Kant ) |
Disinterestedness Universality Necessity |
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Which 1 is for the object ? (kant) |
Form of Purpose |
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What is beauty according to Schopenhauer? |
Anything that isn't obscene or nauseating |
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What is a CA for Schopenhauer? |
Very 'cosmic' way of thinking of beauty (taste, aesthetics) |
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Refutation for Schopenhauer |
We do have the cosmetic relation sometimes too (music) |