Philosophy Exam 3

Front 1

What is another name for Cartesian dualism?

Back 1

substance dualism

Front 2

What term describes that the mind and body are distinct substances that are only contingently related?

Back 2

Cartesian dualism

Front 3

What does it mean to say that the mind and body are distinct substances?

Back 3

the mind is immaterial and the body is material

Front 4

What are criticisms of Cartesian dualism?

Back 4

causal interaction and verifiability

Front 5

What are the Materialist Monist views?

Back 5

behaviorism, mind body identity theory, eliminative materialism, functionalism

Front 6

What is the theory that only observable features of human or animal activity need be studied to provide an adequate scientific account of that activity?

Back 6

Behaviorism

Front 7

What are the three versions of behaviorism?

Back 7

hard, soft, and logical

Front 8

The version of behaviorism that views that there are no minds and that, therefore, psychology can study only behaviors?

Back 8

hard version

Front 9

Which version of behaviorism has an ontological view?

Back 9

hard version

Front 10

The version of behaviorism that views that there is no need to include minds in the scientific study of humans, whether or not minds exist?

Back 10

soft version

Front 11

The study of behaviors and their physical causes is sufficient for a complete psychology (t/f)

Back 11

true

Front 12

Which version of behaviorism has a methodological view?

Back 12

soft version

Front 13

The version of behaviorism that has an epistemological view that all meaningful mentalistic terms must ultimately be traceable back to some observable behavior, and not back to some purely mental facts?

Back 13

logical version

Front 14

This term states that the ontological view that minds and brains are not two different kinds of things, rather that all references to minds and mental states are really references to brains and brain states

Back 14

mind-body identity theory

Front 15

This term states that a materialistic theory of mind according to which sentences that appear to refer to nonmaterial conscious states will be capable of being eliminated in favor of more accurate sentences referring to material states.

Back 15

Eliminative materialism

Front 16

This term states a theory of mind that says mental states are functional states.

Back 16

functionalism

Front 17

According to functionalism, the mind is what the brain does (t/f)

Back 17

true

Front 18

Functionalism is always a materialist view (t/f)

Back 18

false

Front 19

What type of person is Wolf Larsen?

Back 19

individualist, materialist and hedonist

Front 20

Individualism is equal to egoism (t/f)

Back 20

true

Front 21

What are the two senses of egoism?

Back 21

psychological and normative

Front 22

What are the two senses of materialism?

Back 22

strict philosophical and loose and popular

Front 23

What sense of materialism states only material things exist?

Back 23

the strict philosophical sense

Front 24

What sense of materialism states the only worthwhile human pursuits are for material goods and comforts?

Back 24

the loose and popular sense

Front 25

What are the two senses of hedonism?

Back 25

psychological and normative

Front 26

What sense of hedonism states pleasure is the only thing humans desire?

Back 26

psychological hedonism

Front 27

What sense of hedonism states pleasure is the only thing intrinsically valuable?

Back 27

normative hedonism

Front 28

The term that means "we always act on our strongest desire"

Back 28

a desire-satisfaction theory of action

Front 29

What is the conjunction of Wolf Larsen's egoism, materialism, hedonism and his desire-satisfaction theory of action?

Back 29

Wolfism

Front 30

No human action is the result of desire (t/f)

Back 30

false...all

Front 31

The term that states someone is identical with their present self.

Back 31

numerical identity or identity in the strict philosophical sense

Front 32

The term that states exact similarity.

Back 32

qualitative identity or identity in a loose and popular sense

Front 33

According to Sam Miller's Cartesian Strategy, "what is fundamentally you is not your body, but what?...

Back 33

your soul or self or mind

Front 34

The Cartesian soul, self, or mind (used interchangeably) are what?

Back 34

immaterial substances

Front 35

Gretchen and Sam disagree on the thought that because the soul or self or mind is not made up op matter, it cannot be experienced with the five senses (t/f)

Back 35

false

Front 36

What is Miller's first answer to the question "So if it cannot be experienced with the five senses, on what basis can we claim that there is such a thing?

Back 36

Miller proposes the principle, "same body, same self"

Front 37

What does Miller's first answer prove?

Back 37

it proves impossible for Sam to establish in the case of others

Front 38

What is Miller's second answer to the question "So if it cannot be experienced with the five senses, on what basis can we claim that there is such a thing?

Back 38

Miller proposes the principle, "sameness of psychological characteristics, same self"

Front 39

What example is supposed to show that sameness of characteristics does not imply sameness of substance?

Back 39

The Blue River example

Front 40

What example is supposed to show why it is impossible to establish in the case of others?

Back 40

the caramel example

Front 41

Can "same body, same self" be established in one's own case?

Back 41

if the soul cannot be observed, it cannot be observed to be the same

Front 42

What is the conclusion regarding the Cartesian strategy drawn by Gretchen and agreed upon by Sam?

Back 42

while we regularly make correct attributions of personal identity, we never do nor can we ever make those attributions on the basis of our knowledge of an immaterial soul

Front 43

What term states that X is the same person as Y if and only Y can remember experiencing X's experiences?

Back 43

The Memory Theory of personal identity

Front 44

The correct relation, according to the memory theory is spelled out in terms of....

Back 44

an experience and the subsequent memory of that experience

Front 45

What is Gretchen's objection to the Memory theory

Back 45

false memories

Front 46

What is meant by a false memory?

Back 46

we must distinguish between actually remembering and only seeming to remember

Front 47

What example is used as an example of a false memory

Back 47

the hypnotist case

Front 48

What term states that Sam proposes to distinguish actual memories from false memories by saying that the actual memories are those that were experienced by the same person as the one who now seems to remember?

Back 48

Sam's circular reasoning

Front 49

What is proposing to define personal identity in terms of memory but defining memory, in part, in terms of identity an example of?

Back 49

circular reasoning

Front 50

Y remembers experiencing what X experienced if and only if:

Back 50

1. Y seems to remember experiencing what X experienced
2. X and Y are the same person

Front 51

The term that claims that instead of distinguishing actual memories from apparent memories in terms of identity, we should do so in terms of the correct causal chain that runs from the experience to the subsequent apparent memory?

Back 51

Cohen's Clever Contribution

Front 52

Accoridng to Cohen's Clever Contribution, Y remembers experiencing what X experienced if and only if:

Back 52

1. Y seems to remember experiencing what X experienced
2. The apparent memory is caused in the right kind of way

Front 53

Cohen's clever contribution says that what makes a memory an actual memory is that it is cause in the right kind of way (t/f)

Back 53

true