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76 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Philosophy Tree
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Renee De Carte
1. ethics- branches 2. philosophy of man- trunk 3. metaphysics/ ontology- roots |
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Philosopher and Life
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He radically interrogates life
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Nietzche
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stop the split in philosophy and religion
changes the question of philosophy "The good doctor" |
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Post Modernism
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relativism
nihilism- nothing, no meaning to life "it is not based on documents and faith but philosophy itself" |
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Christ the Philosopher & arguers
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Dallas Willard
1. to call him a philosopher in beneath Christ--- speaks beyond our life 2. Gives him too much credit--- doesn't fit the philosopher mode |
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Philosophy Now?
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1. doesn't look for answers
2. divorce science 3. radical description |
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The Beatitudes
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The Sermon on the Mount
1. follows the law or the spirit of the law (spirit =heart) 2. the kingdom is there-- reach out 3. spiritual zero--- their kingdom of heaven |
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Paradigm
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fundamental shift in thinking
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6 contrast in the beatitudes
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1. anger
2. sex/lust 3, marriage 4. persuasion 5. dealing with injury 6. enemies |
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6 things that causes a deed
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1. personality
2. psychology 3. body 4. instinct 5. little choices |
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Methods of the Inner Realm
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1. Earthy-- Spiritual Realm
2. Hyperbole-- Inversion 3. Real factual situation 4. Recognition of the Dark Forces |
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The Gay Science
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Die Freudliche Wissenschatt
"Media Vitae"-- middle |
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Topics of Gay Science
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1. Death of God-- first articultate-- transition in man kind
2. Eternal Return 3. Will to Power 4. Critique of Morality-- Geology of Moral |
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Before Gay Science
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Philology- Greek, Latin, German, French and English
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The Birth of Tragedy
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Nietzsche 1st work
failure--- pushed out as a teacher focus- Greek Tragedy and music = mood Best writing are Greek Trag. |
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Types of Greek Tragedy
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1. Apollo: Homer-- order, sight, dream
2. Dionysus: Archilocus-- mood |
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Apollonian v. Dionysian
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majority focus on the Apollonian
Nietzsche- Greek darker side, Dionysian |
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The Eise and Abuse of History for Life
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2nd Writing
method of Genealogy-- critical history Ask the reason of ethics, religion, and morals Historians molds us. |
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Genealogy
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history of origins
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Critical History is distinguished from:
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1. monumental history- great events
2. antiquarian history- obsessed by minutia of history |
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Iconoclastic
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destruction of icons
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Untimely Mediation: The Wanderer and his Shadow
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1. personal
2. existential 3. chooses his audience ** few can understand-- friends, Th rest esoteric/herd" |
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The Gay Science
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all styles together
uses aphorisms - |
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Aphorisms
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short, self contain, philosophical piece-- gives a problem
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Nietzsche's Aphorism
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Purpose of Existence?
benefit of mankind-- preserve and benefit the species |
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Pharmakon
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medicine and poison
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Myopia
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short sidedness
What is harmful, what we distinguish as good and bad **the bad can benefit the species" |
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Pharmakon and Myopia
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Challenges the myopia
With writing: what we see heals turn into poison |
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Karl Jasper
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wrote about Nietzche-- revived his work
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Ecce Homo
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autobiography of Nietzsche
Against German Philosophy-- the way they live-- affect their thought |
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Dharmacon
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we suffer from tragedy, alleviate our suffering, addicted to our tragedy
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Tragedy
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promote the species by faith in life-- purpose of existance
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Comedy
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important, suffering insignificant
Relax intention |
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Interlocutors
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a person who takes part in a conversation
Book 1: Cephalus, Polemarchus, Thraymachus Book 2- 10: Adeimentus, Glowcon |
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The City
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is absurd
enter the city by the soul, the soul is being discussed while talking about the city |
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Perfect City
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Resembles a monarchy-- Philosopher King
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Piraeus
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The Port City
Idea of ascending and descending form Athens |
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Why at Piraeus?
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Goddess of the Moon Festival
1. pray to the goddess-- piety 2. observe-- critic towards the festival |
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Socrates Companion
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Glaucoun- sight driven person
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Apology
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Charged for corrupting the youth by:
1. disbelief of the gods 2. defend thing that are not well, dumb The Republic- Small Quarrel |
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Aporia
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A conversation that goes back to the original definition and fixes it.
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Cephalus' Justice
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1. telling the truth and returning what you receive
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Polmarchus' Justice
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"giving each his due"- Simonides
doing good to your friends doing harm to your enemies |
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Thrasymachus' Justice
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1. Justice is for the advantage of the Stronger
2. Complete injustice is best (Socrates focuses on)→Tyranny Justice- simple minded Injustice- Virtue |
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Debate v. Philosophy
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1. Debate: The juror is someone else
2. Philosophy: you are the juror |
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Reason and Logic
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1. Set each statement side from side to each other
2. Then we compare, if there is a confluence and we have to go back to the basics |
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Doxa
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Opinion, seeming, initial insight
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Philosopher v. Sophist
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Sophist
1. For one owns benefit 2. Good at debate/ helps the “rich kids” 3. Give you the true for a fee |
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Three reasons for Good
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1. Immediate pleasure
2. Rewards 3. Future rewards and pleasure |
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Adementus Genealogy of Justice
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State of nature there is no justice
The weak 1. origin of justice come from the multitude 2. suffers injustice-- painful 3. does justice-- gain pleasure |
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Myth of Gyges
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A ring that allows people to be invisible
1. Unjust man: becomes a Tyrant 2. Just man: just want to appear just, but in private over time he will become a Tyrant |
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poets
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valet of some morality, hypocrites
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1st City
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a. Simple, Self Sufficient, Small
b. Justice: Do your job don’t worry about anyone else c. No one would attack the city d. When one want more beyond themselves, the city collapse e. Justice is complete order of the soul, not wanting anything more than we need |
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2nd City
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a. Indulgent City
b. City will expand – more elaborate trade c. Need more land for the expansion of city d. Take land from neighbors and cause a war e. Origin of War: desire of possessions |
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Guardians
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a. Dogs: Hostile to strangers, loving to those they know
b. Best Guardians of people they know c. Gaurdian of the city: i. Must love knowledge ii.Must love people who love knowledge (philosophers) d. “to become a good guardian, a man must be by nature fast, strong, and a spirited philosopher” |
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Guardian Education
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1. music and gymnastics
2. gods cannot be depicted 3. heroes cannot be misrepresented |
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Gods
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Epitome of Beauty and Perfection
1. cannot change themselves- everything is worse than them 2. they cannot be change by anyone else- most powerful 3. There can't be more than one God |
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Four Cardinal Virtues
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1. Courage
2. Moderation 3. Wisdom 4. Justice |
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Courage and Moderation
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important!!
control over passion: 1. Desire- thirst 2. Reason- Sewer water |
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Pro Guardian
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1. military-- fireman
2. Common Good- "naturally" empathetic |
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Anti Guardian
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1. Lack of Freedom
2. De-Sexualized 3. Communist 4.Sexual Calendar |
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Role of Women
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1. Guardians reject the distinction
2. Children are raise by someone else-- liberate mother and helps them with the guardianship |
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Guardians Happy?
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1. Cannot want-- what they don't know
2. Ignorance is bliss 3. Eudemonia- well spiritedness |
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Philosopher King
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naturally rebellious can lead to tyranny
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Hermeneutics
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the middle
I-X: talks about the philosopher II-X: allegory of the cave |
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Trilogy
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1. Theatrery
2. Sophist 3. Statesman **never wrote about the philosopher** rarely mention the philosopher-- only republic |
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Philosopher's Vices
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1. Not concern with others
2. Useless 3. Talks to other useless things 4. Lack Common Sense 5. Displaces God/ God ideas 6. Making young men to become usless |
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Philosopher's Virtues
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1. truth for itself
2. justice 3. ultimate beauty 4. Tyrannical Aguements |
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City Vice and Virtue
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Vice: Tyrannical in Nature
Virtue: Where the philosopher arise from |
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Difference from the Philosopher and the masses
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1. voracious appetite-- eros/ erotic appetite for knowledge
2. Philosopher has Ideas Has a stable edios, but yet in motion |
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eidos
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facade of something
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Tension between Philosophy and the City
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Philosopher:
1. rare 2. flourishes in particular regimes 3. even though requires regime-- doesn't trust 4. reason City 1. deprives freedom 2. useless (cloud) |
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Who is the Philosopher
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Has ideas, heterogeneous
being from become, each idea is unique jack of all trades but focus on philosophy Eros of wonder- reserved |
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Types of Ideas
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1. Beautiful
2. Truth 3. Virtue |
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A-priori
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truth is prior or doesn't depend on experience
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A-posteriori
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truth necessitates the experience
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