Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
If an argument is valid then |
it's impossible for the premises to be true and the conclusion false |
|
In this class we said a true claim is one that |
correctly represents things as they actually are |
|
The claim, if it snows, we will go skiing asserts: |
neither the antecedent nor the consequent |
|
According to psychological egoism, |
everyone is motivated by selfish reasons
|
|
According to ethical egoism |
one has no moral responsibilities to anyone other than oneself
|
|
The theory according to which what is morally right varies from culture to culture is |
cultural ethical relativism
|
|
According to individual ethical relativism
|
One's moral responsibilities depend on one's moral views
|
|
According to the Divine Command Theory |
actions are right if God said they're right AND murder is not inherently wrong |
|
According to Kant's moral theory, people have intrinsic value because |
we have a rational will
|
|
According to Utilitarianism, what makes an action morally good or bad is |
the amount of happiness the action produces for everyone affected by the action
|
|
According to Aristotle the right thing to do is usually |
in between excess and deficiency
|
|
According to John Rawls in the actual world |
humans are not all free equals AND contingent attributes create biases
|
|
The following quote is from which philosopher? "Thus the moral worth of an action does not depend on the result expected from it" |
Kant |
|
The following quote is from which philosopher? "Happiness is a good to that person, therefore, a good to the aggregate of all persons" |
Mill |
|
The following quote is from which philosopher? "The virtue of a man also will be the state of character which makes a man good and which makes him do his own work well" |
Aristotle
|
|
According to Noonan, humanity |
is determined by genetics, is what makes it wrong to kill fetuses, and applies to fetuses from conception
|
|
Which of the following is not one of the suggestions rejected by Noonan |
A fetus is a person when it has a heartbeat
|
|
Judith Thomson's violinist thought experiment is intended to establish |
the right to life does not guarantee a right not to be killed |
|
Thomson asserts that if a fetus has a right to life it has a right to |
not be killed unjustly
|
|
What comes closest to what Thomson thinks? |
No clear point at which a fetus becomes a person, but it does so sometime after the first week of gestation |
|
According to Thomson if a woman has unprotected, consensual sex she |
still has not extended any rights to any resulting fetus |
|
According to Thomson the difference between moral injustice and indecency turns on |
whether a right is violated
|
|
With the Henry Fonda example, Thomson claims |
it doesn't matter the difficulty, even if he can save her life, she has no right that he do so
|
|
The purpose of Thomson's people seeds argument was to make the claim that a fetus from |
consensual sex does not have a right to use a woman's body |
|
According to Mary Anne Warren, being human |
is not the same thing as being a person
|
|
Which of the following is not one of the six criteria of personhood according to Warren? |
imagination
|
|
When discussing the criteria of personhood, Warren clearly claims that |
anything that lacks all 6 is not a person
|
|
According to the proportional rights argument moral rights are |
Stronger or weaker depending on ones similarity to persons |
|
Warren says that moral rights are |
invented by moral agents and can be extended to things that are not moral agents |
|
Warren explicitly said |
a fetus bears no resemblance to persons at conception and gradually comes to resemble a person as it develops |
|
Don Marquis argues that fetuses have |
the same features as adults that makes it wrong to kill adults
|
|
In his discussion of potentiality Marquis claims that |
when an adult is killed her merely potential future is taken from her |
|
In reply to the contraception objection, Marquis claims that |
in successful contraception there is no objectively determinate individual harmed |
|
According to his Zygote Argument, Eugene Mills suggests that an adult human may be identical with |
an unfertilized ovum AND an oocyte
|
|
Eugene Mills claims that his argument proves that |
Marquis' defense against the contraception objection fails |
|
The following quote is from which philosopher? "For the basic moral rights of an actual person outweigh the rights of a merely potential person, whenever the two conflict" |
Mary Anne Warren
|
|
The following quote is from which philosopher? "Having a right to life does not guarantee having either a right to be given the use of a right to be allowed continued us of another person's body—even if it needs it for life itself" |
Judith Thomson |
|
The following quote is from which philosopher? "Thus a discussion of what it is about us that makes killing us not only wrong, but seriously wrong, seems to be the right place to begin a discussion of the abortion issue" |
Don Marquis |
|
The following quote is from which philosopher? "So if I was never a zygote, then I didn't exist before or during the existence of the zygote" |
Eugene Mills |
|
Marquis explicitly says that the FlO is a feature that |
adults and fetuses have in common |