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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Explain the five characteristics regarding the nature of matter
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> The essence of matter is extension
> There can be no empty space > There can be no indivisible atoms > All properties of matter are explained as matter in motion > There is one extended substance – the universe. Things in the universe are modifications of that substance. |
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Compare extension and motion to scientific explanation.
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Extension and motion are quantifiable. Scientific explanation is purely mechanical.
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How do observation and sense experience have a secondary status?
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You can see the effects of a priori examples.
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Compare / explain primary and secondary qualities of objects, and list examples of each.
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- Primary qualities have to do with the world as it is. Secondary qualities have to do with the world as it seems to us.
- Primary qualities include shape and motion. Secondary qualities include heat, color, and taste. |
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Provide an example of nature and error.
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Thirst when one is sick is a case of nature and error.
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How does the argument from Essential Properties show that the mind is distinct from the body?
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1) Conscious thoughts are an essential property of my mind.
2) Conscious thoughts are not an essential property of bodies 3) Therefore, the mind is distinct from the body |
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How does the argument from Doubt show that the mind is distinct from the body?
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1) I cannot doubt that my mind exists
2) I can doubt that my body exists 3) Therefore, my mind is distinct from my body |
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What do both the Argument of Essential Properties and the Argument from Doubt have in common?
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The Argument of Essential Properties and the Argument from Doubt both depend on the Principle of the Identity of Indiscernibles
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Explain the Principle of the Identity of Discernibles
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The Principle of the Identity of Discernibles states that identicals must have all properties in common like H20 and water.
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Explain the Objection to the Principle of the Identity of Discernibles
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The Principle of the Identity of Discernibles cannot extend to non-extensional objects.
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Explain how the Argument from Divisibility shoes that minds are distinct from bodies
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1) The mind is an indivisible thing.
2) Bodies are divisible things. 3) Therefore, minds are distinct from bodies. |
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Explain the central claim of Cartesian Dualism
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The central claim of Cartesian Dualism is that the immaterial mind and material body casually interact.
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Explain the three criticisms of Cartesian Dualism
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1) How is interaction possible? People of Descartes day believed that the pineal gland sent messages from the body to the mind
2) The Problem of other minds. The Meditator is puzzled as to why his mind is attached to one particular body, but not in any body external to it. 3) Plausibility of Materialism. The idea of the pineal gland sends sensations through the nervous system from the body to the mind is a Materialist idea. |
