Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Intensional Definition
|
gives meaning of term by specifying all the properties to come to the definition/everything necessary/sufficient to be included in set
|
|
Extensional Definition
|
Every object that falls under the definition of the concept or term
|
|
Genus and Difference
|
Intensional defintion- specific differences that lead to a meaning
|
|
Operational Definition
|
Intensional definition- set of validation tests used to determine its presence eg. IQ tests for intelligence
|
|
Ostensive Definition
|
Extensional definition- conveys meaning of term by pointing out examples
|
|
Synonymous Definition
|
Intensional definition- trade intension of a known word for an unknown word
|
|
Etymological definition
|
Intensional definition- where the word came from
|
|
Stipulative definition
|
a type of definition in which a new or currently-existing term is given a specific meaning for the purposes of argument or discussion in a given context
|
|
Lexical definition
|
type of definition likely to be found in library. Common usage of the term
|
|
Precising Definition
|
is a definition that extends the dictionary definition of a term for a specific purpose by including additional criteria that narrow down the set of things meeting the definition.
|
|
Theoretical Definition
|
gives the meaning of a word in terms of the theories of a specific discipline.
|
|
Persuasive Definition
|
is a form of definition which purports to describe the 'true' or 'commonly accepted' meaning of a term, while in reality stipulating an uncommon or altered use, usually to support an argument for some view, or to create or alter rights, duties or crimes.
|
|
appeal to emotions
|
fallacy of using emotions in place of relevant reasons as premises in an argument
|
|
appeal to popularity
|
the fallacy of arguing that a claim must be true merely because a substantial number of people believe it
|
|
Genetic fallacy
|
the fallacy of arguing a claim is true or false solely because of its origin
|
|
Ad hominem
|
the fallacy of rejecting the claim by criticizing the person who makes it rather than the claim itself
|
|
appeal to ignorance
|
the fallacy arguing that a lack of evidence proves something/claim must be true because it hasn't shown to be false
|
|
composition/division
|
the fallacy of thinking that what is true for the parts is true for the whole, what is true for the whole is true for the parts
|
|
equivocation
|
fallacy of using a word in two different senses in an argument
|
|
red herring
|
fallacy of deliberately raising an irrelevant issue during an argument. Put forth a claim and then couple it with claims that appear to support it but in fact are mere distractions
|
|
straw man
|
fallacy of distorting, weakening, or oversimplifying someone's position so it can be more easily attacked
|
|
appeal to tradition
|
fallacy of arguing a claim is true just because it's part of a tradition
|
|
Begging the Question
|
fallacy of attempting to establish the conclusion of an argument by using the conclusion as a premise
|
|
Hasty Generalizations
|
the fallacy of drawing a conclusion about a target group based on an inadequate sample size
|
|
Slippery slope
|
the fallacy of arguing, without good reasons, that taking a particular step will inevitably lead to further, undesirable steps
|
|
false dilemma
|
the fallacy of asserting there are only two alternatives to consider when there are more than two
|
|
faulty analogy
|
a defective argument by analogy
|