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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the three objectives of first aid?
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prevent - further injury - infection - loss of life |
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What are the fundamental elements of first aid?
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- Bleeding - Burns - Fractures - Electric Shock - Obstructed Airways - Heat-related injuries - Cold Weather Injuries - Shock |
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What are the methods of controlling bleeding?
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- direct pressure - elevation - pressure points - tourniquet (last resort) |
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What is a pressure point?
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- a point on the body where a main artery lies near the skin surface and over a bone
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What are the principal pressure points?
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- Superficial temporal artery (temple) - Facial artery (jaw) - Common carotid artery (neck) - Subclavian artery (collar bone) - Brachial artery (inner upper arm) - Brachial artery (inner elbow) - Radial/Ulnar artery (wrist) - Femoral artery (upper thigh) - Iliac artery (groin) - Popliteal artery (knee) - Anterior/posterior tibial artery (ankle) |
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Define a First degree burn
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- produces redness, warmth and mild pain
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Define a Second degree burn
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- causes red, blistered skin and severe pain
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Define a Third degree burn
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- destroys tissue, skin and bone in severe cases - severe pain may be absent due to nerve ending destruction |
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What are the types of fractures?
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- closed/simple (no protrusion from skin) - open/compound (possible protrusion from skin) |
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What are the range of injuries that can result from electric shock?
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- little or no evidence of injury - tissue damage/burn - severe trauma with associated cardiac arrest |
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What are indications of airway obstruction?
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- inability to talk - grasping and pointing to throat - exaggerated breathing efforts - bluish skin |
