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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what are the three parts of the pharynx?
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nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx
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what is the pharynx composed of?
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constrictor muscles and several longitudinal muscles
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what is the pharyngeal raphe?
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where the superior, middle, and inferior constrictor muscles meet in the midline of the pharynx
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what do the superior constrictor and buccinator both attach to?
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pterygomandibular raphe
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what is the cricopharyngeus?
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sphincter at the superior end of the esophagus.
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what are the 3 longitudinal muscles of the pharynx?
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stylopharyngeus, salpingopharyngeus, palatopharyngeus
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what part of the pharynx does the auditory tube open into?
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nasopharynx
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how much of the tongue is in the oropharynx?
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posterior 1/3
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where might foreign objects lodge in the laryngopharynx?
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piriform recesses
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what are tonsils?
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collections of lymphoid tissue
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what are the four tonsils?
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pharyngeal, tubal, lingual, palatine
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what is the motor supply to muscles of the pharynx (hint: pharynx is part of the foregut, but there is one exception)
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all are innervated by CN X except the stylopharyngeus (it is a 3rd arch muscle so it is CN IX)
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what is the sensory supply of the pharynx?
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CN IX (glossopharyngeal)
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what is the ventricle of the larynx?
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space between vestibular and vocal folds
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what is the glottis?
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vocal cords and the space between the true cords
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where do the arytenoid cartilages sit?
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superior surface of the cricoid
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***what is important about the posterior cricoarytenoid muscles?
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they are the only muscles that ABduct the vocal cords
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what do the oblique and transverse arytenoids do?
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close the airway and ADduct the vocal cords
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what muscle makes fine adjustments to the vocal cords?
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vocalis
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what muscle changes the pitch of the voice?
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cricothyroid
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what is the sensory innervation of the larynx?
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above the vocal cords: internal laryngeal nerge (off superior branch of CN X)
below the vocal cords: recurrent laryngeal nerve (off CN X) |
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motor innervation of larynx muscles?
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all innervated by recurrent laryngeal nerve EXCEPT the cricothyroid (external laryngeal branch of CN X)
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what is the name of CN IX?
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glossopharyngeal nerve
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what are the nerve fibers CN IX carries?
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somatic sensory (ear canal), branchial motor (stylopharyngeus), special sensory (taste), visceral sensory (pharynx, middle ear, carotid sinus, posterior tongue), visceral motor (parotid gland).
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how do the parasympathetic fibers of CN IX get to the parotid gland?
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tympanic branch to middle ear, synapse in otic ganglion, leaves ganglion as lesser petrosal nerve and hitch-hikes on auricotemporal nerve (V3)
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what is the special sensory of CN X?
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taste: valleculae and epiglottis
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somatic sensory of CN X?
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ear canal, dura of posterior fossa
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what is the branchial motor innervation of CN X
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muscles of pharynx, larynx, and soft palate
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which are the only two muscles of the pharynx, larynx, and palate that the vagus nerve does NOT motor innervate?
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stylopharyngeus (IX) and tensor veli palatini (V3)
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