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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Corticosteroids |
Cortisol/Hydrocortisone
produce to respond to ACTH --> secreted in pituitary in response to CRH --> CRH (hypothalamus) released by feedback inhibition, diurnal variations and stress signals
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Aldosterone |
MAJOR MINERALCORTICOID
causes Na/water retentionregulated by blood (K) by the renin |
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Androgens |
gondal lecture |
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Adrenal Steroids |
similar to thyroid hormone and gonadal hormones |
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Stress Response |
Norman conditions: low circulating of adrenal steriods
Stress: high levels of adrenal steroids |
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Glucocorticoid (corticosteroid) Effects |
Anti-inflammatory effects Lipid metabolism CNS effects Blood effects |
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Anti-inflammatory effects |
decrease the synthesis/release of pro-inflammatory factors decrease WBC activity |
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Lipid Metabolism |
increased lipolysis Redistribution of fat |
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Cushing's Syndrome |
hypersecretion of cortisol Gain of fa in the neck, abdomen and face and a loss of fat in arms and legs |
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CNS effects |
affect behavior, mood balance, brain excitability |
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Blood Effects |
Decreased amounts of blood cells-- T CELLS |
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ADME (Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion) |
Can be given IV, PO, applied locally to skin, nose and airways |
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Withdrawal Effects |
withdrawal releases the negative feedback on CRH and ACTH Causes acute adrenal insufficiency
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Withdrawal Syndrome |
Due to lack of negative feedback on adrenal gland Fever, myalgia, arthralgia, and malaise Usually occurs with continuous high dose treatment |
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Cushing effects |
moon face Hyperglycemia, glucosuria |
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Dosing |
Determined by trial-and-error Toxicity - proportional to dose and number of doses
Local administration of corticosteroids is virtually w/o HPA suppression |
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Uses of corticosteroids:
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Replacement therapy Allergies Arthritis Cerebral Edema Ocular Diseases GI General Immunosuppression Cancer Skin Disease |
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Uses of corticosteroids: Replacement therapy |
for diseases like acute adrenal insufficiency and addison's disease |
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Uses of corticosteroids: Allergies |
bee stings, asthma, contact dermatitis, drug reactions, hay fever |
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Uses of corticosteroids: Ocular disease |
Precaution: the anti-inflammatory effect may mask progression of the disease |
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Uses of corticosteroids: GI |
irritable bowel syndrome, ulcerative colitis |
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Uses of corticosteroids: General immunosuppression |
autoimmune diseases, transplants |
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Uses of corticosteroids: Cancer |
MOA: to kill T cell-based tumors and for anti-emetic effect (nausea and vomitting) |
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Uses of corticosteroids: Skin Disease |
dermatitis |
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Preparations |
Cortisol/hydrocortisone (endogenous) Prednisone (synthetic) Dexanethasone (synthetic) Triamcinolone (synthetic, typically topical) |
