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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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pathogen
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disease- causing organism
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calcium channel blockers (class IV)
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prototype - Verapamil
decrease SA and AV node automaticity decreases conductivity in through the AV node in Pt's with preserved ventricular funtion |
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potassium channel blockers (class III)
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prototype : bretylium
blocks efflux of potassium, prolongs repolarixation and the effective refractory period |
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sympathomimetic
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drug or other substance that causes effects like those of the sympathetic nervous system (also called adrenergic)
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sympatholytic
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drug or other substance that blocks the actions of the sympathetic nervous system (also called antiadrenergic)
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SLUDE
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Salivation
Lacrimation Urination Defecation Gastric motility Emesis |
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parasympathomimetic
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drug or other substance that causes effects like those of the parasympathetic nervous system (also called cholinergic)
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parasympatholytic
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drug or other substance that blocks or inhibits the actions of the parasympathetic nervous system (also called anticholinergic)
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cholinergic
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pertaining to the neurotransmitter acetylcholine
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adrenergic
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pertaining to the neurotransmitter norepinephrine
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tactile fremitus
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vibrations through the chest wall as your patients speak
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petechiae are skin legions characterized by
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reddish-purple spots < .5 MM
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Cullen's sign
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discoloration around the umbilicus
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S1
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sound produced when tricuspid and mitral valves close during systole
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Gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis are promoted by which drug
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insulin
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describes cardiovascular effects of calcium channel blockers such as varapamil and diltiazem
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decrease automaticity
decreased AV node conductivity |
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agonist
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drug that binds to a receptor and caused it to initiate the expected respons
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how does loop diuretics achieve their therapeutic affects
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decreasing the reabsorption of sodium at the ascending loop of Henle
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asking questions to refine a patient's initially vague answer is called
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clarification
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what nervous system controls the "fight or flight" response
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autonomic
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tactile fremitus
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vibrations through the chest wall as your patients speak
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petechiae are skin legions characterized by
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reddish-purple spots < .5 MM
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Cullen's sign
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discoloration around the umbilicus
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S1
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sound produced when tricuspid and mitral valves close during systole
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Gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis are promoted by which drug
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insulin
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Frank Starling Mechanism
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the greater the volume of the preload, the more the ventricles are stretched and the greater they are stretched the greater the subsequent cardiac contraction
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the term oxytocin means
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rapid birth
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Stimulation of Alpha 1 will have what type of effects
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arterial constriction
venous constriction |
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the color of the nailbed beneath the transparent nail in african americans
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black or brown
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Enteral Routes ( gastrointestinal tract)
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Oral
Orogastric/Nasogastric Sublingual Buccal Rectal |
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Parenteral Routes (outside gastrointestinal tract)
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Intravenous
Endotracheal Intraosseous Umbilical Intramuscular Subcutaneous Inhalation Topical Transdermal Nasal Instillation Intradermal |
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Solid Drug forms
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Pills (spherically)
Powders Tablets (powders compressed disklike) Suppositories (waxlike, melts at roomtemp) Capsules (gelatin containers filled with powders or tiny pills) |
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Liquid drugs
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Solutions (water based, maybe oil based)
Tinctures (alcohol extraction) Suspensions (solid doesnt dissolve in solvent) Emulsions (suspensions with oily substances in solvent) Spirits (volatile drug in alcohol) Elixirs (alcohol & water solvent) Syrups (sugar , water, drugs) |
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elimination
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most drugs are excreted in the urine, some in the feces or in expired air
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onset of action
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the time from administration until a medication reaches its minimum effective concentration
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duration of action
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length of time the amount of drug remains above its minimum effective effective concentration
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Alpha 1(response to stimulation)
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constriction of arterioles
constriction of veins mydriasis of eye ejaculation of penis |
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Alpha 2(response to stimulation)
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presynaptic terminals inhibition
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Beta 1(response to stimulation)
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increased HR
increased conductivity increased automaticity increased contractibility Renin release in kidneys |
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Beta 2(response to stimulation)
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bronchodilation of lungs
dilation of arterioles inhibition of contractions in uterus tremors in skeletal muscle |
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Beta 3(response to stimulation)
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lipolysis in adipose tissue
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therapeutic index
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ratio of a drugs lethal dose for 50% of the population to its effective dose for 50% of the population
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tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)
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treat depression by blocking the reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin , thus extending the duration of their action
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