Pharmacy Main Receptors Alphas, Betas (Adrenergic Drugs Mainly)

Front 1

Alpha 1 Receptor: Associated Word/Phrases

Back 1

1) Adrenergic Receptor
2) Works with Norepinephrine/Epinephrine (catecholamines)
3) Contraction of smooth muscle during flight/flight response (aka Sympathetic response)

Front 2

Alpha 1 Receptor: Major Function

Back 2

1) Increase Vasoconstriction = increase blood pressure.
2) Mydriasis: Contraction iris dilator muscle
3) GI and GU contraction = decreased flow

Front 3

Alpha 1 Receptor:
1) Function of Alpha 1 Antagonist Specific Drugs
2) Name ending.

Back 3

1) Blocks vasoconstriction = decrease blood pressure and/or relaxes GI and GU muscles
2) "Zosins"

Front 4

Alpha 2 Receptors: Associated Words/Phrases

Back 4

1) Inhibits Norepinephrine release via Negative Feedback.
2) Sedate, Relax, Analgesia (vet meds)

Front 5

Alpha 2 Receptors: Major Function

Back 5

DECREASE
1) Decrease blood pressure via vasodilation
2) Decrease GI smooth muscle contraction
3) Decrease Insulin release

Front 6

Mirtazapine
1) What receptor does Mirtazapine Act On?
2) Type of Drug? Key Centrally Acting Alpha 2 Specific Antagonist
2) Function of Mirtazapine?
3) Use of Mirtazapine

Back 6

1) Receptor: Centrally Acting Alpha 2 Antagonist.
1) Type: Tetracyclic antidepressant
2) Function: Block inhibition of Norepinephrine release, thereby increase Norepinephrine
3) Used in Depression where Norepinephrine is low.

Front 7

Clonidine and Methyldopa
1) Drug Receptor Type
2) Function
3) Key Use
4) Key Special Feature

Back 7

1) Type: Alpha 2 Sympathoplegic (blocks actions of sympathetic nervous system)
2) Function: Decrease central release of norepinephrine
3) Use: Hypertension
4) Key Feature: No decrease in renal blood flow - Good for renal patients. Methyldopa - pregnancy

Front 8

Phenoxybenzamine:
1) Key Words,
2) Use
3) Toxicity

Back 8

1) Key Words: Non-selective Alpha Antagonist, Irreversible, Noncompetitive
2)Use: Block high release of catecholamines during Pheochromocytoma tumor removal.
3) Toxicity: Reflex Tachycardia, Orthostatic Hypertension

Front 9

Phentolamine:
1) Key Words,
2) Use
3) Toxicity

Back 9

1) Key Words: Non-selective Alpha Antagonist, Reversible, Competitive.

2) Use: Hypertensive Emergency (esp Pheochromocytoma)

3) Toxicity: Reflex Tachycardia, Orthostatic Hypertension

Front 10

Phenylephrine:
1) Selectivity
2) Application

Back 10

1) Selective Alpha 1> alpha 2
2) Pupillary Dilation, Vasoconstriction, nasal decongestant (stops nose bleeds)

Front 11

Beta 1 Receptor: Main Functions

Back 11

Increase Heart Rate
Increase Contractility
Increase Lipolysis
Increase Renin Release

Front 12

Beta 1 Receptor:
1) Blocker Function
2) Use

Back 12

1) Blocker Function: Reduce cardiac work (consequently pressure) and fluid load.
2) Use: Hypertension, Angina Pectoris, CHF

Front 13

Beta 1 Receptor:
1) Beta1-Blocker Drug Name Category
2) Major Use
2) Drug Examples. (A-BEAM of B1-Blockers) with alternative uses)

Back 13

1) Drug Name Category: A --> M "olols"
2) Major Use: Hypertension
2) Drug Examples: (A-BEAM of B1-Blockers)
A - Acebutolol (angina, irregular heartbeat)
B - Betaxolol (glaucoma)
E - Esmolol (heart rate reducer)
A - Atenolol (angina, lowers risk of repeated heart attacks)
M - Metoprolol (lowers risk of repeated heart attack, treats heart failure)

Front 14

Beta 2 Receptor:
Function: Relax but Compensate + Other
1) Relax but 2) Compensate + 3) Other

Back 14

1) Relax: Vasodilation, Bronchodilation, Uterine Tone (prevents delivery)
2) Compensation: Vasodilation = Increased Heart Rate, Increased Contractility)
3) Increased Lipolysis, Insulin Release

Front 15

Mneumonic: MAST
1) Selectivity of MAST DRUGS
2) List Drugs and Function
2) Selectivity of MAST DRUGS

Back 15

1) Beta 2 > B1 Agonist
2) *Metaproternol (Acute Asthma)
*Albuterol (Acute Asthma)
*Salmeterol (Long Term Asthma Treatment)
*Terbutaline (Reduce Premature Uterine Contractions)

Front 16

Ritodrine
1) Selectivitiy
2) Application

Back 16

1) Beta 2 Agonist
2) Reduces premature uterine contractions

Front 17

Non-Specific Beta Blockers:
1) Beta Blocker Name Category
2) Examples (with use) "NaTi Pin Pro"

Back 17

1) Name Category: N --> Z "olols"
2) Examples: NaTi Pin Pro
Nadolol: Reduces esophageal bleeding
Timolol: Treats Glaucoma (reduces aqueous humor secretion)
Pindolol: Treats High Blood Pressure
Propranolol: Treats Thyroids Storm

Front 18

Sympathomimetics:
1) List of Direct sympathomimetics "PENIDD" (Selectivity)

Back 18

PENIDD
Phenylephrine: (Selective Alpha 1> alpha 2)

Epinephrine: (Selective for Alpha 1, Alpha 2, Beta 1 (low dose), Beta 2 receptors)

Norepinephrine: (Selectivity: alpha 1, alpha 2 > Beta 1)

Isoproterenol: (Selectivity Beta 1 = Beta 2)

Dopamine: (Selectivity: D1=D2 > Beta>alpha, inotropic and chronotropic)

Dobutamine: (Selectivity: Beta 1 > Beta 2, inotropic and chronotropic (less than dopamine)

Front 19

Isoproternol
1) Selectivity
2) Application

Back 19

1) Selectivity: Beta 1 = Beta 2
2) AV Block (Atrioventricular block)

Front 20

Dobutamine:
1) Selectivity
2) Application

Back 20

1) Selectivity: Beta 1 > Beta 2, inotropic and chronotropic (less than dopamine)
2) Cardiogenic Shock (inadequate circulation of blood due to ventricles not able to function properly)

Front 21

Beta 2 Blocker Side Effects

Back 21

1) Blocking Bronchodilation: Exacerbation of Asthma

2) Blocking Increased Heart Rate and Conduction + Vasodilation: Bradycardia, AV block, CHF

3) Blocking Increased Lipolysis: Diabetic Caution and Hypoglycemia

Front 22

Labetalol and Carvedilol
1) Type of Drug
2) Function
3) Contraindication of Beta Blockers and why

Back 22

1) Non-Selective Alpha and Beta Antagonist
2) Hypertension
3) Contraindication and Why: Cocaine Overdose. Cocaine Stimulates Alpha 1 (Vasoconstriction) and Beta 2 (Vasodilation) keeping blood pressure in check. Give Beta Blocker and you will block vasodilation, increasing blood pressure.

Front 23

Epinpherine:
1) Selectivity
2) Applications

Back 23

1) Selective for Alpha 1, Alpha 2, Beta1 (in low doses), Beta 2 receptors
2) Applications: Anaphylaxis, Open Angle Glaucoma, asthma, hypotension (Shock)

Front 24

Norepinephrine:
1) Selectivity
2) Application

Back 24

1) Selectivity: alpha 1, alpha 2 > Beta 1
2) Application: Hypotention during Sepsis

Front 25

Indirect Sympathomimetics:
1) Drugs: "ACE"

Back 25

1) ACE:
Amphetamine
Cocaine
Ephedrine

Front 26

Amphetamine:
1) Mechanism
2) Application

Back 26

1) Mechanism: Indirect general agonist; releases stored catecholamines (NAD: Norepinephrine, Epinephrine, Dopamine)
2) Application: Narcolepsy, obesity, attention deficit disorder, major depressive disorder

Front 27

Cocaine:
1) Mechanism
2) Application

Back 27

1) Mechanism: Indirect general agonist; uptake inhibitor (keeps catecholamines (NAD: Norepinephrine, Epinephrine, Dopamine) in synaptic cleft longer)
2) Vasoconstriction and local anesthesia

Front 28

Ephedrine:
1) Mechanism
2) Application

Back 28

1) Mechanism: Indirect general agonist; releases stored catecholamines (NAD: Norepinephrine, Epinephrine, Dopamine)
2) Nasal decongestant, urinary incontinence, hypotension.