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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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___ intoxication was found to produce schizophrenic symptoms
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amphetamine
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amphetamine intoxication implicated ___ in schizophrenia
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DA
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___ is thought to underly negative symptoms of schizophrenia
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cortical degeneration
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in addition to DA, ___ is involved in schizophrenia
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serotonin
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___ (2) are low potency typical antipsychotic. typicals have ___ structure and block ___ (5).
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chlorpromazine
thioridazine tricyclic D1R D2R alpha adrenoreceptors HA muscarinic receptors |
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6 side effects of DA blockade
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flattened affect
poikilothermia hyperprolactinemia extra-pyramidal symptoms anti-emesis reduced libido |
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poikilothermia means
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body temperature fluctuation
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extra-pyramidal symptoms include ___ (4)
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parkinsonism
akathisia dystonia tardive dyskinesia |
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akathisia means
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restlessness
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tardive dyskinesia means
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late-appearing involuntary muscle movements
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tardive dyskinesia is often ___
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irreversible
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DA blocker effectiveness correlates with ___
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D2 affinity
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DA is associated both with ___ in monkeys and ___
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cognitive behavior
stereotyped behavior |
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positive symptoms are thought to arise from excess ___ in ___ system and negative symptoms from decreased ___ in ___
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DA
VTA/Limbic DA VTA/PFC |
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D2 blockers are effective against positive/negative schizophrenic symtoms
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positive
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PCP mechanism
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NMDA blockade
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___ may cause both DA hyperactivity in ___ and hypoactivity in ___
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glutamate deficiency
limbic system PFC |
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3 kinds of antipsychotics
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phenothiazines
thioxanthines butyrophenone |
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3 phenothiazines
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chlorpromazine
fluphenazine thioridazine |
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___ is a thioxanthine
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thiothixene
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___ is a butyrophenone
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haloperidol
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___ is known for low EPS and ___
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thioridazine
antimuscarinic effects |
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antimuscarinic effects of ___ are useful in case of ___
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thioridazine
parkinsonian side effects |
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chlorpromazine has ___ sedative action, ___ EPS, and ___ hypotensive action
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high
high high |
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haloperidol has ___ sedative action, ___ EPS, and ___ hypotensive action
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low
very high low |
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___ is a "new" antipsychotic. it works preferentially on ___ (2) over D2. this means it works more on ___ than on ___. this reduces ___.
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clozapine
D4 D3 limbic system striatum motor disturbances |
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clozapine can cause ___, specifically ___. ___ (2) don't do this.
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blood dyscrasias
agranulocytosis lorazepine olanzepine |
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T/F: clozapine works on both positive and negative symptoms
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true
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risperidone mechanism (2)
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anti-5HT-2
anti D2 |
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neuroleptic malignant syndrome is
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overheating from decreased thermoregulation and spastic muscle contraction
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tx for neuroleptic malignant syndrome (3)
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dantrolene
bromocriptine physical cooling |
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Li works as ___, not ___. maximal plasma concentration is ___
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mood stabilizer
anti-psychotic 1 mM |
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Li tx needs to be supplemented by ___
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directly-acting antipsychotic
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Li side effects (5)
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thyroid: hyper or hypo
renal: reduced concentrating tremor edema SA node depression |
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Li mechanism
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blocks conversion of inositol-phosphate to inositol
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endocrine disorder caused by Li
the mechanism is ___ because of this effect, Li can be used for ___ |
nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
post-receptor block of ADHR G_s SIADH |
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Li teratogenicity causes ___ in fetuses
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Ebstein's anomaly
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Ebstein's anomaly is: ___ (3)
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apical displacement of tricuspid leaflets
increased RV volume atrialization of LV |
