Pharmacology Review Test 5

Front 1

short acting b2 adrenergic agonist

SABA

Back 1

Albuterol Sulfate HFA
Levalbuterol HCl
terbutaline

pirbuterol

metaproterenol

Front 2

Long acting b2 adrenergic agonist

LABA

Back 2

formoterol (long-acting) Foradi

salmeterol (long-acting)Serevent

Front 3

b2 adrenergic agonist + anticholinergics

Back 3

albuterol and ipratropium

Fenoterol hydrobromide + Ipratropium Bromide

Front 4

Anticholinergics

Back 4

ipratropium
bromide

tiotropium (spiriva)

Front 5

Inhaled Corticosteroids

Back 5

fluticasone (Flovent), budesonide (Pulmicort), mometasone
(Asmanex), and beclomethasone (Qvar).

Front 6

β2-Adrenergic Agonists + Inhaled Corticosteroids

Back 6

formoterol +
budesonide

formoterol +
mometasone

salmeterol +
fluticasone

Front 7

Leukotriene Modifiers

reduce inflammation by inhibiting the release of proinflammatory leukotrienes, substances that are released as part of the inflammatory response.

Back 7

"-lukast"

Front 8

Mast Cell Stabilizers

Back 8

cromolyn
sodium

Cromolyn sodium is an example of a mast cell stabilizer; it makes mast cells less reactive to
antigens and reduces the release of inflammatory substances responsible for producing the symptoms
of asthma.

Front 9

Xanthine Derivatives

Back 9

"-phylline"

aminophyllineb

theophylline

Front 10

Monoclonal Antibody

Back 10

omalizumab

Omalizumab is recombinant human monoclonal antibody (anti-IgE) and is indicated for the
treatment of moderate to severe allergic asthma.

Front 11

Pharmacological treatment of COPD involves?

Back 11

the administration of bronchodilators, glucocorticosteroids,
and antibiotics when infection is present.

Front 12

Salmeterol and formoterol should not be administered as primary therapy

Back 12

Long-acting β2-adrenergic agonists have been associated with an increased risk of severe asthma
exacerbations and asthma-related death.

Front 13

Adverse reactions to inhaled corticosteroids are

Back 13

primarily local and include coughing, hoarseness,
throat irritation, dry mouth, flushing, loss of taste, and/or unpleasant taste.

Front 14

Drugs used to treat allergic symptoms include

Back 14

antihistamines, inhaled corticosteroids and mast
cell stabilizers, leukotriene modifiers, and vasoconstrictors.

Front 15

There are seven classes of antihistamines—

Back 15

ethylenediamines, ethanolamines, alkylamines, piperazines,
phenothiazines, phthalazinones, and piperidines.

Front 16

Glucocorticosteroids for intranasal use include

Back 16

fluticasone (Flonase), budesonide (Rhinocort),
triamcinolone (Nasacort), flunisolide (Nasalide), mometasone (Nasonex), and beclomethasone
(Beconase AQ).

Front 17

Cromolyn sodium

Back 17

is a mast cell stabilizer available for intranasal and ophthalmic use.

Front 18

Antihistamines that are classified as ethanolamines

Back 18

(e.g., diphenhydramine) and phenothiazines
(e.g., promethazine) produce the most sedation and have the greatest anticholinergic effects.

Front 19

β-Lactam antibiotics

Back 19

target the bacterial cell wall. Penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems, and
monobactams are β-lactam antibiotics that inhibit cell wall synthesis.

Front 20

There are five classes of anti-infective agents that act to inhibit bacterial protein synthesis

Back 20

aminoglycosides, macrolides, tetracyclines, amphenicols, and oxazolidinones

Front 21

Fluoroquinolones and nitroimidazoles

Back 21

are classes of anti-infectives capable of inhibiting DNA
synthesis.

Front 22

clindamycin

Back 22

Can cause C. difficile which is diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis

Front 23

Metronidazole

Back 23

is the drug of choice for the treatment of C. difficile

Front 24

Tetracyclines are contraindicated in pregnancy and small children because

Back 24

they can weaken fetal
bone, retard bone growth, weaken tooth enamel, and stain teeth.

Front 25

Standard penicillins lack stability in gastric acids

Back 25

which is why most are administered intramuscularly
or must be taken on an empty stomach.

Front 26

Macrolides, penicillins and tetracyclines may decrease the effectiveness of oral contraceptives.

Back 26

Macrolides, penicillins and tetracyclines, use extra protection

Front 27

A common ending for macrolides

Back 27

-thromycin.

Front 28

A common ending of fluoroquinolones

Back 28

-floxacin.

Front 29

A common beginning for cephalosporins

Back 29

ceph- or cef-.

Front 30

A common beginning for sulfonamides

Back 30

sulf-

Front 31

Isoniazid special consideration

Back 31

Vitamin B6 should be taken with isoniazid
to reduce neurotoxicity.

Front 32

The four major types of anxiety disorders are

Back 32

generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder,
obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Front 33

The mechanism of action for most anxiolytics is

Back 33

to enhance binding of γ-aminobutyric acid
(GABA), a neurotransmitter, to GABAA and GABAB receptors.

Front 34

GABA

Back 34

GABA receptor binding opens Cl− ion channels, which reduces neuronal excitability.

Front 35

antidepressants prescribed for the treatment of anxiety disorders.

Back 35

Tricyclic antidepressants, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, and monoamine oxidase inhibitors

Front 36

Anxiety disorder is treated by the administration of

Back 36

anxiolytics

Front 37

MAOI

Back 37

interfere with the degradation of monoamine neurotransmitters
and dietary amines (e.g., tyramine).

Front 38

High-potency neuroleptics have a strong affinity for dopamine receptors.

Back 38

“Atypical” and lowpotency
neuroleptics have a weaker affinity for dopamine receptors and produce fewer side effects
associated with blockade.

Front 39

blockade of
dopamine (D2) receptors remains the primary therapeutic target for the treatment of schizophrenia.

Back 39

The greater the affinity the drug has for D2 receptors, the more effective is the drug.

Front 40

Phenothiazines

Back 40

zine*