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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Effects of Sympathetic Stimulation |
Increased blood pressure Increased heart rate Dilation of Bronchioles Increased blood sugar concentrations Increased blood flow to skeletal muscles Dilation of pupils |
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Effects of Parasympathetic stimulation |
Decreased heart rate constriction of bronchioles constriction of pupils increased muscle strength contraction of smooth muscle of the GI tract increased rate of secretions |
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Sympathomimetic (adrenergic) |
Increased BP, P, R Pupils and bronchioles dilate Peripheral blood vessels constrict Hypertension, Tachycardia, arrhythmia, angina, nervousness, insomnia, headache, hyperglycemia |
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Sympatholytic (B-adrenergic blockers) |
Decreased BP, P, R Bronchioles constrict Hypotension, bradycardia, bronchospam, dizziness, fatigue, hypoglycemia |
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Parasympathomimetic (Cholinergic) |
Increased: Secretions, peristalsis and bladder constrictions, muscle strength Decreased: BP, P, R, Intraocular Pressure Bronchioles constrict Nausea, Vomiting, Diarrhea, Muscle Cramps, Sweating, Hypotension, Bradycardia, Bronchospasm, Flushing |
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Parasympatholytic (anticholinergic) |
Increased: Intraocular Pressure, Heart Rate Decreased: secretions, motility(GI & GU) Dilated Pupils Dizziness, Drowsiness, Dry Mouth, Blurred Vision, Urine Retention, Constipation, Tachycardia, Orthostatic Hypotention |
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Adrenergic Actions |
Cardiac Stimulation Peripheral Vasoconstriction Bronchodilation Pupil Dilation (mydriasis) |
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Adrenergic Uses |
Restore Cardiac Rhythm Elevate Blood Pressure (shock) Constrict Capillaries (shock, local anesthesia) Dilate Bronchioles (Anaphylactic shock, asthma) Dilate Pupils (ophthalmic procedures) |
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Adrenergic Side Effects/ Adverse Reactions |
Hypertension Tachycardia Arrhythmia Angina Nervousness Insomnia Headache Hyperglycemia |
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Adrenergic Contraindications/ Extreme Caution |
Hypertension Cardiac Arrhythmias Angina pectoris Coronary Insufficiency Diabetes Glaucoma Hyperthyroidism |
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Adrenergic Interactions |
Beta Blockers (antagonism) MAO Inhibitors (hypertensive crisis) |
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Adrenergic / Beta Blocker Actions |
Vasodilation Decreased Blood Pressure Bronchoconstriction |
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Adrenergic / Beta Blockers Uses |
Hypertension Cardiac Arrhythmias Chest Pain (angina pectoris) Migraine Headache |
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Adrenergic / Beta Blockers Side Effects / Adverse Reactions |
Hypotension Bradycardia Bronchospasm Dizziness Fatigue Hypoglycemia Nausea Impotence |
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Adrenergic / Beta Blockers Contraindications / Extreme Cautions |
Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) Hypotension Asthma Diabetes |
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Adrenergic / Beta Blockers Interactions |
Insulin or oral antidiabetic agents (Possible decreased requirements) Sympathomimetics (antagonism) cimetidine (Tagamet) (Potentiation of beta blockers) Digitalis (Increased bradycardia) CNS depressants (increased sedative effect) |
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Adrenergic / Beta Blockers Patient Teaching |
Arise slowly from a lying position Avoid drugs that cause CNS depression and sedation (alcohol, antihistamines, muscle relaxants, tranquilizers, and sedatives) May cause impotence |
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Cholinergic Actions |
Increased secretions (sweat, saliva, gastric juices) Increased GI peristalsis Increased contraction of the urinary bladder Increased skeletal muscle strength Pupil constriction (miosis) Decreased Intraocular pressure slowing of the heart bronchoconstriction |
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Cholinergic Uses |
Nonobstructive urinary retention Abdominal distension Myasthenia gravis Glaucoma |
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Cholinergic Side Effects / Adverse Reactions |
Sweating, excessive salivation and lacrimation (tearing) Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea Muscle cramps hypotension bradycardia bronchospasm flushing |
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Cholinergic Contraindications / Extreme Caution |
Prostatism GI disorders (ulcers, obstructions) asthma cardiac disorders |
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Cholinergic Interactions |
Anticholinergics, Procainamide, and Quinidine (antagonism of cholinergics) |
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Anticholinergic Actions |
Drying of all Secretions Decreased GI and GU motility Dilation of pupils |
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Anticholinergic Uses |
Antispasmodic and antisecretory for GI and GU hypermotility Preoperative and preanesthetic uses Emergency treatment for bradycardia and heart block with hypotension Pupil Dilation Prevention and treatment of bronchospasm |
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Anticholinergic Side Effects / Adverse Reactions |
Dizziness Drowsiness Dry Mouth Blurred Vision Urine retention Constipation Tachycardia Orthostatic Hypotension |
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Anticholinergic Contraindications / Extreme Caution |
Glaucoma GI or GU obstruction Cardiac Arrhythmias Hypertension Hypothyroidism Hepatic or Renal Disease |
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Anticholinergic Interactions |
Antihistamines, Trycyclic Antidepressants (increased anticholinergic effects) |
