Pharmacology-Respiratory-Ribavirin

Front 1

Name a brand of ribavirin?

Back 1

Virazole
manufactured by ICN Pharmaceuticals, Inc

Front 2

Name a therapeutic classification of ribavirin?

Back 2

antiviral

Front 3

Name a pharmacologic classification of ribavirin?

Back 3

nucleoside analogues

Front 4

What is ribavirin used for?

Back 4

treatment for RSV

Front 5

At the first sign of illness, physicians can test for RSV infection using?

Back 5

rapid diagnostic test

Front 6

Early and aggressive treatment with an ______ has been proven to decrease the morbidity associated with RSV in high-risk young children

Back 6

antiviral

Front 7

Ribavirin by _____ is the only antiviral agent approved for treatment of severe RSV disease in infants and children

Back 7

aerosol

Front 8

Virazole is a broad-spectrum antiviral with virustatic effects, inhibiting ____ _____ during the active replication phase.

Back 8

RSV replication

Front 9

Virazole greatly improves what 3 things?
hint: oxygenation?
illness?
viral shedding?

Back 9

arterial blood oxygenation
decreases illness severity
decreases viral shedding

Front 10

Virazole achieves maximum antiviral effect before the viral load is at its _____.

3 days

Back 10

peak...this is usually within how many days of onset of symptoms?

Front 11

What are the most common adverse events attributed to Virazole given to infants?

Back 11

rash
reversible skin irritation

Front 12

Sudden deterioration of respiratory function (bronchospasm) has been associated with initiation of aerosolized Virazole in?

Back 12

infants...monitor carefully

Front 13

Administration of Virazole is confined strictly to the_______ _______ and is delivered via a small particle aerosol generator known as a?

Back 13

hospital setting

SPAG-2

Front 14

Virazole aerosol is NOT to be administered with another aerosol-generating device or together with other?

Back 14

aerosolized meds

Front 15

The aerosol is delivered to the patient through an (3) attached to the generator.

Back 15

oxygen hood or
oxygen tent or
face mask

Front 16

The use of aerosolized Virazole in patients requiring _______ _______ assistance should be undertaken only by physicians and support staff familiar with the specific ventilator being used and this mode of administration of the drug.

Back 16

mechanical ventilator

Front 17

The feature:
improves O2 sat?

Back 17

accelerates patient recovery with fewer supplemental O2 requirements

Front 18

The feature:
reduces viral shedding?

Back 18

reduces risk of nosocomial spread and therefore decreases possible morbidity/mortality in other patients

Front 19

Strict attention must be paid to procedures that have been shown to minimize the accumulation of drug ____, which can result in mechanical ventilator dysfunction and associated increased ______ ________.

Back 19

precipitate

pulmonary pressures

Front 20

The standard treatment regimen is ____ given ____ to ____ ____ per day for 3 to 7 days.

Back 20

20

12 to 18 hrs

Front 21

It is important to note that Virazole is part of a total treatment program that includes? (3)

Back 21

standard supportive
respiratory care
correction of fluid imbalance
nutritional management

Front 22

The recommendd dosage regimen for those who require mechanical ventilation is the same as for those?

Back 22

who do not

Front 23

Either a pressure or _____-_____ ventilator may be used in conjunction with the SPAG-2.

Back 23

volume-cycle

Front 24

Because Virazole is administered as an aerosol, what should the hcp avoid or minimize contact with?

Back 24

direct exposure to aerosol...remain cautious of exposure

Front 25

Virazole should be administeed in well-ventilated roms and the SPAG unit should be turned off how many minutes prior to patient handling?

Back 25

5 to 10

Front 26

As an additional precaution, the use of a mask designed to block absorption of particles less than 1 micron in diameter is sugggested, and _____ ____ should be advised to avoid contact with Virazole

Back 26

pregnant women

Front 27

Adverse events with use of Virazole are?

Back 27

headache (51%)
conjunctivitis (32%)
rhinitis, nausea, rash,
dizziness, pharyngitis, and
lacrimation (10-20% each)

Front 28

Patients with RAD (underlying reactive airway disease) have reportedly suffered from what conditions?

Back 28

bronchospasm
and/or
chest pain

Front 29

Most adverse events have resolved within?

Back 29

minutes after discontinuing exposure to aerosolized Virazole...it is unknown wheter these symptoms were due to drug exposure or RSV infection

Front 30

At dosage levels exceeding human therapeutic levels, Virazole has been shown to produce what in rodents?

Back 30

testicular lesions...and teratogenic in animal species in which adequate studies have been conducted

Front 31

Davis...assess vital signs and chest pain...may cause?

Back 31

MI

Front 32

Assess patients for signs of colitis...which are?

Back 32

abdominal pain
bloody diarrhea
fever

d/c...may be fatal

Front 33

Assess patients for signs of pancreatitis...which are?

Back 33

nausea
vomiting
abdominal pain

d/c...may be fatal