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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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3 ways that Drug Classes might be named
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- mechanism of action
-general prescription function -chemical or pharmaceutical name |
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a component part of something
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constituent
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when talking about a particular _______ of a plant/herb, we are only talking about one small part, not the whole
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constituent
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what do glycosides structurally consist of
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a glycone & aglycone unit
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the linkage between the 2 units of glycosides can be broken by ____, _____ and _____
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-enzymes
-heat -UV light |
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the unit of the glycoside that is often considered the "active" portion
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aglycone unit
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the unit of glycoside that often plays a crucial role in the body's ability to absorb & metabolize the full compound effectively
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glycone unit
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"makes you poop"
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catharsis
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increase the strength of contractions
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+ Inotropic
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decrease the # of contractions
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- Chronotropic
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cardioactive glycoside
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+ Inotropic , - Chronotropic
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cardioactive glycosides have a very ______ therapeutic window
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narrow
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generally indicates a much longer half-life
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bile excretion
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3 sub-categories of glycosides
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- Cardioactive Glycosides
-Anthraquinone Glycosides -Phenolic Glycosides |
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sub category of glycosides that tend to be orange-red in color and are known for cathartic actions
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Anthraquinone Glycosides
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hydrolized mainly by gut bacteria in LI, works to induce water & electrolyte secretion; can be painful with very strong contractions
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Anthraquinone Glycosides
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3 herbs examples of Anthraquinone Glycosides
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-Lu Hui (Aloe Vera)
-Da Huang (Chinese Rhubarb) -Fan Xie Ye (Senna Alexandrina) |
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an herb that is an Anthraquinone Glycoside that shows no cathartic activity
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St. John's Wort
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sub-category of Glycosides, many are also tannins, many have anti-microbial or anti-inflammatory properties
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Phenolic Glycosides
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aspirin is an example of a ______
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phenolic glycoside
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research has been done on the anti-carcinogenic properties
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Isothiocyanates
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an example of an isothiocyanate
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Garlic (Da Suan)
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generally found in high amounts in vegetables and fruits; have highly varying health functions
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flavonoids
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complex phenolic compounds; mostly glycosides; bind/precipitate proteins (key to many medicinal actions), generally astringent
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tannins
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nitrogen-containing compounds, generally end with "ine"
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alkaloids
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type of carbohydrate produced in response to injury to plant-act as protective healing force, commercially mainly used for adhesives, binders, emulsifiers, gelling agents, thickeners, etc.
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gums
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type of carbohydrate that is generally slimy/slippery, form gels b/c water dissolves in the mucilage; used as bulk laxatives, relieve inflammation/irritation
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Mucilages
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2 herb examples of mucilages
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Lu Hui & Kuan Dong Hua
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the more soluble a constituent is in a particular solute, the _____ concentrated an extraction will be
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more
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