Pharmacology Quiz 1

Front 1

Therapeutic Actions of Drugs

Back 1

Palliative, Curative, Supportive, Substitutive, Chemotherapeutic, Restorative

Front 2

Fundamental Rule of Safe Medication Administration

Back 2

Never administer an unfamiliar medication

Front 3

Also need to:

Back 3

Be familiar with:

1. dosage ranges

2. expected therapeutic effects

3. side effects and potential adverse effects

4. interactions, drug drug, drug food

5. contraindications/precautions

6. special considerations

Front 4

Misfeasance

Back 4

Negligence, giving the wrong drug or dose that results in the clients death

Front 5

Nonfeasance

Back 5

Omission, omitting a drug dose that results in the clients death

Front 6

Malfeasance

Back 6

Giving the correct drug, but by the wrong route that results in the clients death

Front 7

Nurse Practice Acts

Back 7

Nurses can generally not prescribe or administer drugs, but some state laws allow it. Nurses should be aware...

Front 8

Ethics

Back 8

Nurses must follow ANA's code of ethics

Front 9

Patients have the right to know?

Back 9

about their drugs, the expected effects and any potential adverse reactions,

Front 10

Patients have the right to do what?

Back 10

refuse drugs

Front 11

Beneficience

Back 11

Doing something for the benefit of others

Front 12

Nonmalfeasance

Back 12

Doing no harm to patients

Front 13

6 rights of drug administration

Back 13

PDDRTD

Patient

Drug

Dose

Route

Time

Documentation

Front 14

4 other rights of drug administration

Back 14

right history and assessment

drug approach and right to refuse

right drug drug interaction and evaluation

right education and information

Front 15

If you dont understand a medication order

Back 15

Question it

Front 16

Checking the patients identity

Back 16

when alert and oriented

=ask name and date of birth

when altered mental staturs or reduced loss of conciousness

=check MAR against bracelet, compare name DOB medical record Number

Front 17

Medication Error

Back 17

is any preventable event that may cause or lead to inappropriate medication use or patient harm.

Front 18

National Council for Medication Error Reporting and Prevention

Back 18

Medication Error Index

Front 19

NCC MERP Index

Back 19

Category System

Front 20

Category A

Back 20

No Error, have the capacity to cause error

Front 21

Category B

Back 21

Error occured, but did not reach patient

Front 22

Category C

Back 22

Error occurred, did reach patient, did not cause harm

Front 23

Category D

Back 23

Error occurred, reached patient, patient is being monitored

Front 24

Category E

Back 24

Error occurred, temporary harm

Front 25

Category F

Back 25

Error occurred, temporary harm, prolonged hospitalization

Front 26

Category G

Back 26

Error occurred, permanent harm

Front 27

Category H

Back 27

Error occurred, life-sustaining intervention

Front 28

Category I

Back 28

Error occured, contributed to or resulted in death of patient

Front 29

Harm

Back 29

Impairment of the physical emotional or psychological function or structure of the body

Front 30

Monitoring

Back 30

Observe or record relevant physiological/psychological signs

Front 31

Intervention

Back 31

Change in therapy or active medical,surgical treatment

Front 32

Life-sustaining interventions

Back 32

CV and or respiratory support

Front 33

types of medication errors

Back 33

wrong: patient, drug, time, dose, dosaste form, dilutent, strength/concentration, infusion rate, technique, duration of treatment

omitted dose

deteriorated drug error

Front 34

Medication Reconciliation

Back 34

Keeping track, when going to other HCP

lists all medications in order to avoid/reduce duplications, omissions, dosing errors or drug interactions

-admissions

-transfer of care

-discharges

Front 35

Risk Management

Back 35

Examines risks and minimizes the number of medication errors

-nurses are required to contact wrong publishers

Front 36

Pharmacology

Back 36

Clinical Pharmacology

Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics

Front 37

Pharmacodiagnosis

Back 37

the use of drugs in diagnosis

Front 38

Pharmacotherapeutics

Back 38

the use of drugs in therapeutics

Front 39

Pharmacoeconomics

Back 39

the use of economics to compare drug prices

Front 40

Drug

Back 40

Any substance that alters physiologic function can be positive or negative

Front 41

Medication

Back 41

drug admistered for therapeutic effects

Front 42

all medications are drugs,

Back 42

not all drugs are medications

Front 43

local effects

Back 43

act mainly at the site of application, dermatological products

Front 44

systemic effects

Back 44

absorbed into the bloodstream and circulated

Front 45

Ideal drug properties

Back 45

effectiveness, safe, selective, reversible, predictable, easy to administer, absense of itneractions, cheap, stable, simplified generic name

Front 46

Adverse Effects

Back 46

any noxious, unintended and undesired effect that occurs at normal drug doses

mild to life threatening

need to determine if relationship between drug and event

Front 47

Black Box Warning

Back 47

flags a serious warning so prescribers are aware

placed at the top of drug lable with black border around ti

Front 48

Side Effects

Back 48

secondary drug effect, that occurs at therapeutic doses

usually predictable and intensity is dose-dependent

may see immediately or months after drug initiated

Front 49

Toxicity

Back 49

ADR caused by excessive dosing

can also be organ-specific even if dose is therapeutic

Front 50

allergic reaction

Back 50

immune response

must have had prior sensitization to the medication

most common, penicillins, NSAIDS, and Sulfonamides

Front 51

Idiosyncratic Effect, paradoxical

Back 51

has the opposite effect to what is thought

Front 52

Iatrogenic Disease

Back 52

Essentially identical to a naturally occuring pathology

Front 53

physical dependence

Back 53

psychological need to be dependent on a drug

Front 54

Carcinogenic Effect

Back 54

causes cancer

Front 55

Teratogenic Efffect

Back 55

affects a developing embryo

Front 56

Contraindication

Back 56

a reason to withhold medical treatment

Front 57

Precaution

Back 57

treatment is given, but under monitoring

Front 58

Where do drugs come from?

Back 58

Plants, animals, inorganic compounds, synthetic, gnetically engineered

Front 59

drug names

Back 59

Chemical name, generic name, trade or brande name

Front 60

drugs that share characteristics are grouped

Back 60

2 basic, pharmagologic, therapeutic

Front 61

many drugs can have multiple classifications

Back 61

depends on clinical use of drug

Front 62

prototype drug

Back 62

agent to which other drugs in the class are compared

Front 63

placebo drug

Back 63

sugar pill , is not medical

Front 64

Durham-Humphrey Amendment

Back 64

1952 seperated drugs into two major classifications

-nonprescription

-prescription, legend

Front 65

Sources of Drugd Information

Back 65

People, textbooks, newsletters, reference books, internet

Front 66

Pure food and Drug Act

Back 66

1906

Front 67

Sherley Amendent of

Back 67

1912

Front 68

Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act

Back 68

Requires the manufacturer to submit a New Drug Application to the FDA prior to marketing

Front 69

Kefauver-Harris Amendment

Back 69

required advrse reactions and contraindication must be labeled and included in literature

Front 70

Controlled Substance Act

Back 70

Schedule 1-5

abuse potential

Front 71

Childhood Vaccine act

Back 71

1986

Front 72

food and drug adminstration

Back 72

1988 established as an agency of the us dept of health services

Front 73

prescription drug user free act

Back 73

1992

Front 74

dietary supplemental health and education act

Back 74

1994

Front 75

FDA Modernization act

Back 75

1997

Front 76

Bioterrorism Act

Back 76

2002

Front 77

FDA Amendments ACT

Back 77

critical path initiative

Front 78

Investigational New Drug

Back 78

fi drug appears promising

Front 79

clinical phase trials

Back 79

drug goes through 3 pahses with huamsn

Front 80

pahse one

Back 80

healthy volunteers, goals are to determine pharmokinetics and biologic effectsph

Front 81

a se two

Back 81

several hundred patietns with disease

appropriate doasage and therapeutic effectiveness

Front 82

pahse three

Back 82

large number of patients with disease

determine patient variability, interactions and ADRS

Front 83

NDA

Back 83

FDA examines to see if safe

CDER is oblicated to act on 90% of NDAs

Front 84

postmarketing surveillance

Back 84

after NDA review, see if harmful drug effects