Pharmacology Of Dopaminergic Neurotransmission

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dopamine precursor used for parkinson's disease

side effects: dyskinesia, heart disease, orthostatic hypotension, psychotic disorder, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting

contraindications: history of melanoma, narrow angle glaucoma, concomitant use of MAO inhibitor

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Levodopa

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dopamine receptor agonists used for parkinson's disease and restless leg syndrome (r)

side effects: dyskinesia, orthostatic hypotension, extrapyramidal movements, somnolence, dizziness, hallucinations, dream disorder, asthenia, amnesia

contraindication: concomitant use of other sedating medications

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pramipexole, ropinirole

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inhibitors of levodopa or dopamine metabolism used for parinson's disease

side effects: bundle branch block, gastointestinal hemorrhage, orthostatic hypotension, dyskinesia, rash, dyspepsia, arthralgia, headache, weight loss, insomnia (s), confusion (s)

contraindications: concomitant use of cyclobenzaprine, mirtazapine, St. John's wor, dextromethorphan due to risk of psychosis, meperidine, methadone, propoxyphene, tramadol due to risk of severe hypertension/malignant hyperpyrexia/coma, other MAOI/sympathomimetic amines due to risk of severe hypertensive reactions, cocaine/local anesthesia; elective surgery requiring general anesthesia; pheochromocytoma

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rasagiline; selegiline

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inhibitors of levodopa or dopamine metabolism used for parkinson's disease

side effects: dyskinesia, dystonia, hallucinations, orthostatic hypotension (t), hyperpyrexia (t), fulminant hepatic failure (t), rhabdomyolysis (t), dyspepsia, dream disorder, sleep disorder

contraindications: history of rhambdomyolysis or hyperpyrexia, liver disease

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tolcapone, entacapone

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drug used for parkinson's disease and Influenza A

neuroleptic malignant syndrome, exacerbation of mental disorder, insomnia, dizziness, hallucinations, agitation, orthostatic hypotension, peripheral edema, dyspepsia, livedo reticularis

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amantidine

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drugs used for parkinson's disease

side effects angle closure glaucoma, increased intraocular pressure, psychosis, hyperpyrexia (b), paralytic ileus (b), dizziness, blurred vision, nervousness, nausea, xerostomia, urinary retention

contraindications: narrow angle glaucoma, younger than 3 years, tardive dyskinesia (t)

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trihexyphenidyl, benztropine

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drug used for psychotic disorder, nausea/vomiting (c/p)

Side effects: parkinsonian symptoms, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, anticholinergic symptoms, orthostatic hypotension, failure to ejaculate, sedation

contraindations: myelosuppression, severe toxic CNS depression or comotose state, concomitant administration of drugs that prolong the QT interval/patients with prolonged QT interval, Parkinson's disease

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phenothiazines: chlorpromazine, thioridazine, mesoridazine, perphenazine, fluphenazine, thiothixene, trifluoperazine, chlorprthixene

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drug used for psychosis (h), tourettes syndrome (h), nausea and vomiting/anesthesia adjunct (d)

side effects; Side effects: parkinsonian symptoms, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, anticholinergic symptoms, orthostatic hypotension, failure to ejaculate, sedation

contraindications: parkinson's disease, severe toxic CNS depression/comatose state

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haloperidol, droperidol

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drugs used for psychotic disorders/tourette's syndrome (p)

side effects: parkinsonian symptoms, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, tardive dyskinesia, prolonged QT interval, anticholinergic symptoms, sedation

contraindications: comatose/severe drug induced depressed states, parkinson's disease,

p: concomitant pemoline, methylphenidate, amphetamines (tics); concomitant dofetilide, sotalol, quinidine, Ia/III anti arrhythmics, msoridazine, thioridazine, chlorpromaizne, droperidol, sprfloxacin, gatifloxacin, moxifloxacin, halofantrine, mefloquine, pentamidine, arsenic trioxide, levomethadyl acetate, dolasetron mesylate, probucol, tacrolimus, ziprasidone, sertraline/macrolinde antibiotics, QT prolongation/inhibitros P450 3A4, history cardiac arrhythmias

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loxapine, molindone, pimozide

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drug used for psychotic disorders, bipolar disorders

side effects: mild extrapyramidal symptoms, QT prolongation, anticholinergic symptoms, sedatino, weight gain

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risperidone

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drug used for schizophrenia refractory to other antipsychotics

side effects: mild extrapyramidal symptoms, agranulocytosis, anticholinergic symptoms, sedation, weight gain

contraindications: histor of drug induced agranulocytosis or severegranulocytopenia, myeloproliferative disorders

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clozapine

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drug used for psychotic disorders/bipolar disorders

side effects: mild extrapyramidal symptoms, anticholinergic symptoms, sedation, weight gain

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olanzapine, quetiapine

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drug used for psychotic disorders and bipolar disorders

side effects: mild extrapyramidal symptoms, QT prolongation, anticholinergic symptoms, sedation, weight gain

contraindications (z): concomitant arsenic trioxide, chlorpormazine, Ia/III anti arrhythmics, QT prolongation, mesoridazine, moxifloxacin, pentamidine, pimozide, probucol, sotalol, sparfloxacin, tracrolimus, thioridazine; cardiac arrhythmias, recent MI, uncompensated HF

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ziprsidone, aripiprazole

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drug used for amenorrhea/galactorrhea, acromegaly, parkinson's disease, premenstrual syndrome, cushing's syndrome, hepatic encephalopathy, neuromalignant syndrome related to neuroleptic drug therapy

side effects: cerebral vascular accident, seizure, acute MI, dizziness, hypotension, abdominal cramps, nausea

contraindicatinos: hypersensitivity to ergot derivatives, uncontrolled hypertension, toxemia of pregnancy

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bromocriptine