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11 Cards in this Set
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inhibitors of topoisomerases used for G- infections
side effects: cartilage damage, tendon rupture, peripheral neuropathy, increased intracranial pressure, seizure, severe hypersensitivity reaction, rash, GI disturbance contraindicated: concomitant tizanidine |
quinolones: ciprofloxacin, gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, moxfloxacin, norfloxacin, ofloxacin
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inhibitors of transcription used for meningococcal prophylx, mycobacterial infections
side effects: thrombocytopenia, hepatotoxicity, saliva/tear/sweat/urine discoloration, influenza-like illness, elevated liver function test, GI disturbance Contraindication: active Neissea meningitidis infections |
Rifabutin and Rifampin
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Targets 30S; used for serious G- infections
side effects: ototoxicity, acute renal failure, neuromuscular blockade, respiratory paralysis |
Aminoglycosides: amikacin, gentamicin, kanamycin, neomycin, netilmicin, paromomycin, streptomycin, tobramycin
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Targets 30S; used for gonorrhea (alternative therapy)
side effects: injection site pain, nausea, dizziness, insomnia |
spectinomycin
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targets 30S used to treat Corynebacterium acnes, Haemophilus influenzae, vibrio cholerae, spirochetes, mycoplasma pneumoniae, chlamydia, rikettsial species, malaria prophylx
side effects: bulging fontanelle, discoloration of teeth and temporary stunting of growth, hepatotoxicity, pseudotumor cerebri, photosensitivity, rash, GI disturbance, vestibular disturbance, candidal infection contraindications: last 1/2 of pregnancy, infancy, childhood up to 8 yr, severe renal impairment (except D) |
Tetracyclnes: chlortetracycline, Demeclocycline, doxycyline, methacycline, minocycline, oxytetracycline, tetracycline
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Target 30S; used for skin or subcutaneous infection and for complicated abdominal infection
side effects: GI disturbance |
Glycylcyclines: Tigecycline
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Targets 50S and used for Corynebacterium acnes, Legionella pneumophilia, treponema pallidum, mycoplasma pneumoniae, chlamydia species, H. influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis
Side effects: Acute cholestatic hepatitis, ototoxicity, fulimant hepatic necrosis (rare), GI disturbance Contraindicated: hepatic dysfunction |
Macrolides and Ketolides: Azithromycin, clarithromycin, erythromycin, telithromycin
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targets 50S and used as broad spectrum antibiotic (especially anaerobes)
side effects: hemolytic anemia in pt with low G6PD, aplastic anemia, gray baby syndrome |
chloramphenicol
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target 50S and used for bacterial infections due to anaerobic organisms
side effects: pseudomembranous colitis, increased liver function tests, jaundice, GI disturbance, rash |
Lincosamides: clindamycin
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target 50S and used for VRE, skin and subcutaneous infection caused by staph or strep
side effects: injection side inflammation, GI disturbance, hyperbilirubinemia, arthralgia, myalgia, headache |
streptogramins: dalfopristin/quinupristin
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Target 50S and used for G+ bacterial infx; esp VRE, MRSA, s. agalactiae, S. pneumoniae, S. pyogenes, Nosocomial pneumonia, complicated diabetic foot infx
side effects: myelosuppression, peripheral neuropathy, optic neuropathy, GI disturbance, headache |
Oxazolidinones: linezolid
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