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13 Cards in this Set

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  • Back
Name three major Macrolides.
Erythromycin
Clarithtomycin
Azithromycin
What is the MOA of Macrolides? What about their pharcodynamics?
They inhibit the 50S ribosomal subunit. They are BACTERIOSTATIC (meaning you have to have a functional immune system for them to work properly)
What are two mechanisms of resistance to Macrolides?
Active efflux pump
Altered binding site on ribosomes
Generally, how are the Macrolides distributed. Can they be absorbed orally?
They are large molecules that can't cross the BBB. They like tissues, making them not as good in septicemia.

All of them are bioavailable orally.
How are Macrolides eliminated?
All hepatic (E and C via CYP450, A via bile secretion)
What are is the spectrum of action for the Macrolides?
G(+) remember C>E>A: PSSP, Group strep and Viridans, Bacillus, Cor.Dyptharae, Closridium but not C. Diff.

G(-) remember A>C>E: H. Influenzae, Clinda generally good for anerobes abive the diaphragm.

Atypicals: P. Jirovicki, Toxoplasmosis
What are common side effects of the Macrolides?
GI (Erythro)
Thrombophlebitis (IV)
Ototoxicity
Rank the Macrolides on half life.
Erythro (1.5 hours)
Clarityro (5 hours)
Azithro (68 hours)
Which Macrolide is best for G(+)?
Clarithromycin
Which Macrolide is best for G(-)?
Azithromycin
What are Macrolides the DOC for?
Legionella Pneumophillia
What Macrolide is safest with other drugs?
Azithromycin
What is used as a second line in treating STD's?
Azithromycin