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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Antibiotic of choice for intracellular infections - Chlamydia, Rickettsia, Mycoplasma pneumoniae
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Doxycycline
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Antibiotic that is toxic so its used only topically for acne treatment
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Minocycline
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MOA for tetracyclines
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30S inhibitor
Bacteriostatic Interferes with reading of tRNA anti codon |
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MOA of chloramphenicol
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Binds to 50S and inhibits peptide bond formation
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Tetracyclines remain drug of choice for rare infections - what are they
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Chancroid (H.ducrei)
Tularemia Black plague Brucellosis Cholera DOXYCYCLINE is the drug of choice |
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Alternative drug for anthrax
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Doxycycline
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Doxycycline elimination
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- Forms complexes with fecal matter
- Does not accumulate in people with renal failure |
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2 tetracyclines with extensive liver biotransformation
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Doxycycline
Minocycline |
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Adverse reactions of tetracyclines
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GI - most common (diarrhea)
- Life threatening staphylococcal enterocolitis (bloody diarrhea) - CNS - Allergy - PHOTOTOXICITY - HEPATOTOXICITY |
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In older people using tetracyclines can lead to _
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Negative nitrogen balance
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Ability of tetracyclines to binds Ca can lead to _
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Deposition in teeth and bones
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Demeclocycline can cause_
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Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
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Which drugs should not be used together with tetracyclines
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Antacids
Milk and dairy products Anti cholesterol drugs Oral contraceptives Barbiturates |
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Clinical use of chloramphenicol
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- Meningitis
- Bacteremia - BRAIN ABSCESS |
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Brain abscess
Drug of choice - 2nd best - |
1st - chloramphenicol
2nd - ceftriaxone |
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Main adverse reaction of chloramphenicol
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Aplastic anemia - drug goes to bone marrow and produces more fat then blood cells
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Grey baby syndrome
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- caused by giving chloramphenicol to neonates
- Abdominal distention, emesis, cyanosis, respiratory difficulty, finally vasomotor collapse and death |
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Drug interactions of chloramphenicol
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- Inhibits P450 enzymes
- Do not combine with alfentanil (narcotic), phenytoin (anti seizure), anti coagulants |